一、分析
1、教材内容分析
本单元围绕“Scientific achievements”这一中心话题，从科学家、科学假说、科学理论、科学探索等方面设计听、说、读、写等一系列活动。“Warming up”部分设置了三个问题，要求学生就重要的科学成就进行讨论，从而帮助学生认识重要的科学成就，了解科学成就对社会发展、人类进步的重大贡献，同时激发学生热爱科学、投身于科学研究的热情，探索科学研究的方法。“Listening”部分设计了两道材料问题和一道开放性的情景话题。主要培养学生捕捉和筛选信息的能力，然后要求学生在一定语言输入后进行语言输出，旨在培养学生的想象能力和应用能力，通过自己的语言体会重大科学成就的意义。“Speaking”部分重点训练表达意图和愿望的日常交际用语，以五人小组的活动形式组织学生扮演科学家的角色，陈述各人的研究方向并阐明其重要性来申请科研经费。“Reading”部分为一篇介绍中关村的形成、发展及其重要意义的记叙文。通过对文章的理解，学习中关村人的创业精神。“Language study”部分由词汇和语法两部分组成，该部分不仅教授了四种构词法知识，更鼓励学生通过四项练习，运用构词法知识提高阅读能力。“Integrating skills”部分设计了一个阅读和写作的练习，在学生了解四大科技成就及其重要性后，要求学生略加扩充写一篇最伟大的科学成就的文章。“Tips”部分提出了说服性写作必须论点明确、论据充分，为写作提供了写作方法。
2、教学重点、难点:
本单元的重点在于借助“高科技成就”这一话题，学习、复习涉及这一话题的有关语言知识和语言技能（见教学目标），激发学生热爱科学、奋发图强、献身于科学的热情。
本单元的难点在于培养学生充分利用已有的英语知识表达自己，谈论科学家、科学成就、理想抱负。
二、教学目标
1、语言知识目标
1）要求学生掌握必要的单词、词组和句型：solar, constitution, private, grasp…It’ likely that…, make it possible for sb to do sth…,etc.
2）掌握一定量的表达“wishes and intentions”的交际功能用语。
3）同时要求学生掌握本单元出现的构词法及一些常见的前缀后缀及词根的意义。
2、语言技能目标
通过本单元的内容培养学生良好的“听、说、读、写”的技能，使学生能运用所学的知识解决相关情景中的一些类似问题，并能结合所给任务，综合运用新旧知识解决问题，完成任务，在此基础上鼓励学生大胆地根据各自的语言基础与能力，有个性地解决问题，就科学成就提出独特的见解。
3、情感目标
1）激发学生并提高学习英语的兴趣， 乐于接受新鲜事物，勇于尝试：体现课堂教学“主体者”的身份，积极主动地参与教学各环节，成为学习的主人：具有个性，培养创造能力。
2）培养同学之间日常融洽相处的感情，乐于合作，善于合作的团体合作精神。
3）通过课文中出现的科学家及科学成就激励学生热爱科学、投身科学研究、探索科学研究的方法
三、教学策略
1）开放式教学策略。以有限的课堂为载体，带学生进入广阔的知识天地。
2）引趣激趣策略。创设多种情景（境）激发学生的兴趣，只有让学生真正有了参与的欲望，才能点燃他们的思维火花。
3)合作学习策略。合作学习强调通过师生、生生的多边互动进行人际交往、信息交流，能满足学生个体内部需要。
4)体验成功策略。使学生在特定的完成任务过程主动积极地获得和积累相应的学习经验，享受成功的喜悦，从而提高学习兴趣和成就动机。
四、学习策略
引导学生利用图书馆和网络资源进行一系列的自主学习、合作探究的学习策略。对于本单元鼓励学生课前收集科技成就、中关村和美国的硅谷的资料，上课时勤思考、主动参与课堂上的各种活动。
五、单元教学设计
依据《新课程标准》及对于学生教学目标的要求，课堂设计本着教学应“以人为本”的总的教学理念，课堂中充分利用网络资源、设计相应难度的任务，以增加教学的直观性和趣味性，提高教学效率。根据学生学习英语的特点和规律，学习阶段的侧重点，我把本单元划分六课时完成：听力、口语、阅读（2课时）、语言、写作、评价。
Period 3&4 Reading
Goals: 1.Learn and master the following words and phrases. likely, private, master, perfect, arrange, set foot (in), rely on, failure, locate, valley.
2.Train the Ss’ reading ability.(Read for general information and detailed information.)
3.Get the Ss to learn about Zhongguancun——China’s Silicon Valley.
一、Pre-reading
1.Are scientific achievements important? How do they improve our daily life? How do they improve society?
2.Why do scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something?
3.As is known to us, scientific achievements can not only make our life better, but also promote the development of mankind and society. So I want to run a hi-tech company, what should I arrange for? What kind of support and environment would I need?
4.What if I set up my company in Zhongguancun ? How much do you know about Zhongguancun?
5.Do you know the sign “Lenovo”? Where is it located?
二、While-reading
1.Fast reading
Task: Read the text quickly and try to find information about Zhongguancun to finish the chart below.
ItemZhongguancun
Locating
Brief history
Spirit/culture
Educational institutions
Hi-tech companies
2、Careful reading
Task 1 : Get to know the outline of the text
1.Does this article have a topic sentence? What is it?
2.What are the supporting ideas?
be home to
Zhongguancun: Center be home to
be home to
Task 2: Get to know detailed information
1.Why did Xiang Yufang study abroad and work abroad for a few years？
2.What made it possible for Xiang Yufang to return to China?
3.How does Zhongguancun affect business?
4..What are the two mottos mentioned in the text for the park?
三、Listening & Questions
Task: Listen to the tape and finish the True or Fasle.
1.Zhongguancun is the new center for Chinese science and education
2.Within the next ten years, more than a hundred scientific and hi-tech companies moved into Zhongguancun.
3.Xiang Yufang studied abroad because he felt comfortable abroad.
4.More than 8,000 hi-tech companies in Zhongguancun. More than half of them are IT companies.
5.Zhongguancun park is home to Lenovo and Founder and more than 20 famous national companies.
6.The researchers and scientists know that the spirit and creativity they represent are no more than money.
四、Post-reading
Choose the correct answers. There may be more than one correct answer.
1.According to the author, Zhongguancun is home to .
A. some famous research institutes and universities B. many IT companies
C. more and more returned overseas Chinese D. a number of science parks.
2.What is NOT true about Zhongguancun?
A. It is located in Haidian District, in northwestern Beijing.
B.It was set up as a special economic zone in the 1990s.
C. Most of its companies are doing IT business.
D. It is not a good place for new companies.
3.According to the reading, Xiang Yufang returned to China and opened a company in Zhongguancun because .
A. he wanted to see more of the world
B. he enjoyed working with the best scientists in his field
C. he could enjoy his work and contribute to his country at the same time
D. he missed his friends and family
4.According to the graph in the passage, how many of the people who work in Zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above?
A. 25,000 B. 30,000 C. 35,000 D. 180,000
5.How is ‘failure” understood in Zhonguancun?
A. There are fewer failure in Zhongguancun
B. Many of its researchers and scientists will try hard not to fail.
C. Failure is a necessary part of being successful.
D. The best thing about failure is that you learn every time you fail.
五、Discussion (group work)
Language input: In this class, we’ve learned more about Zhongguancun by reading the passage. As a new center of science and technology, it is known to the world. It is sometimes called “China’s Silicon Valley”. Do you know “Silicon Valley”? Where is it? When was it set up? Why was it set up?
Task: Work in groups of four to compare these two science parks and find out in which ways they are similar and different. You can refer to the following chart.
Hi-tech ParkSilicon ValleyZhongguancun
When was it established?
Why was it established?
Where is it?
What kinds of companies are located there?
What are some famous companies?
Why do people want to work there?
六、Homework
1.Pick out some sentences you enjoy most, & try to recite them as possible as you can .
2.Consult the following websites.
Period 5 Language Study
Goals: 1.Learn some words which are the closest in meaning.
2.Study the ways of forming a word.
3.Study the meaning of some affixes and stems.
一、Revision.
Task . Introduce Zhongguancun
二、Word study
Task 1. Use the clues below to guess the words
1.the opposite of “public” 2.a synonym of “depend”
3.the lowest or bottom part 4.of the sun
5.an organization for educational or research purpose.
6.unusually large person, animal, plant.
7.area or region with a particular feature or use.
8.without any fault or bad points.
Task 2. Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of each sentence.(P5)
三、Presentation
Task: Study the words on the screen and find out the ways of forming a word. (class work)
International=inter + national telephone= tele + phone
Mankind=man + kind broadband=broad + band
Extremely=extreme + ly manned=man + ed
Hi-tech=high + technology e-mail=electronic mail
IT=information + technology CSA=Chinese Space Agency
affixation: international, telephone, extremely, manned
Compounding: mankind, broadband
clipping: hi-tech, e-mail
abbreviation: IT, CSA
四、Practice
Task 1. Finish the Exx2-4 to understand how the words are formed.(P6)
Task 2. Get to know the meaning of stems and affixes. (pair work)
. Look at the stems and affixes on the screen. Match each of them with the right meaning on the right.
Trans- carry
-graph see
tele- below
super- life
co- together/with
vis- more than usual
bio- far
sub- across
-port writing
Task 3. Word formation makes it easy for the Ss to guess the meaning of words using
context clues.
Use context clues and what you know about word parts to guess the meaning of the underlined words.
a.Many countries import most of the oil they use.
b.He studied biophysics at college.
c.It is very important to learn how to cooperate with others.
d.All you luggage will be transported to the destination by train.
e.My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a superstar.
五、Consolidation
Read the news article and tell how the words in bold are formed (pair work)
Homework:
1.Finish off the exercises on the workbook.(p83-84.
2.Preview integrating skills
Period 6 Integrating Skills
Goals: 1.Learn and master the new words and phrases
2.Train the Ss’ integrating skills, especially reading and writing skills.
一、Revision
1.Ask the Ss to find some examples for each way of forming a word?
2.Guess some new words with the help of word formation.
a.The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
b.She has written good essays before, but this one is substandard.
c.He is a kind of intellectual superman.
d.The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate .
e.Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil.
3.Lead in: Human beings are creative, and many scientific achievements have been made in our history. What great inventions do you know in China’s history? What red hot achievements do you know?
二、Fast reading
1.What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?
2.Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?
三、Careful reading (group work)
Work in groups of four . Use what you have learnt from the text to complete the chart below.
FieldAchievementsImportance
Exploring space
Genetic research
Computer engineering
Medical science
四、Writing
1.Which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievement?
2.Situation: Do you know Modern Science? They are thinking of writing an essay about the greatest scientific achievement but they find it difficult to decide . Write a short essay in about 150 words, telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think so. The following outline may be helpful to you.
Introduction: state your view
Outline body : give your reasons (at least 2)
Conclusion: summary
五、Self-Assessment
Using the assessing part on P.87, Ss are helped to review what they have learned or done in this unit learning. In this way they can learn to reflect and pay attention to their weak points in the later learning (the evaluation items can be adapted if appropriate).
教学反思
本单元的教学设计从学生实际出发，以科技成就为主线设计了若干情景与活动，旨在让学生积极参与学习活动，开口说英语，并使学生在轻松愉快的氛围中掌握语言知识，锻炼阅读理解能力。在教学实践中笔者体会到，教学应注意以下几点：：
1． 学生在合作中学习更有助于提高学生学习的积极性，以及课堂参与的积极性。所以应当发挥小组功能，在合作中操练。小组活动是课堂活动的主要形式，如何落实小组中各个学生的角色是组织好小组活动的关键。这需要教师长期的训练。
2．设计活动时要充分考虑学生的情感态度，要设法让学生在快乐中学习。但教师不能片面地追求所谓的“快乐”，一味强调课堂气氛的活跃，而忽视学生对知识的掌握和对学生能力的培养。
3．信息技术的运用要为教学服务，不可喧宾夺主。在教学过程与信息技术的整合过程中，教师应注意信息技术只是一种辅助手段，不能由它控制全部流程。同时也应有效地利用这种手段，加快课堂节奏，增加课堂容量，提高课堂教学效率，使课堂气氛更加活跃，让学生在轻松愉快的环境中得到感情上的升华。
4．要处理好实践与反思的关系。反思是实践的一面镜子，能折射出实践中的成功和不足之处，以期在以后的教学中借鉴成功，改进不足。
长沙市中（小）学教师统一备课用纸
科目 English 年级 Senior 2 班级 K0301/K0302 时间 2005年3月3日
课题 Scientific Achievement （The Fourth Period）
教学目标 Teaching Aims: e. . Learn and master the following words and phrases: boom,put forward,breakthrough,agency,announce,evolution,supercomputer 2.Train the students’ integrating skills,especially reading and writing skills.
教材分析 Teaching Important Points: e. . Help the students understand the passages exactly and master the following words and phrases:put forward,aim at,announce,map out 2.Learn to write a persuasion essay to train the students’ writing ability. Teaching Difficult Point: How to help the students finish the task of writing.
实施教学过程设计 Teaching Methods: e. . Fast and then careful reading to improve the students’ reading ability. 2.Learning tips to help the students learn to write a persuasion essay. 3.Individual,pair or group work to make the students finish each task. Teaching Aids: e. . the multimedia 2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures: CStep Ⅰ Greetings Greet the whole class as usual. CStep Ⅱ Revision and Lead-in T:Yesterday,we learned a lot about Word Formation.We know some words are derivatives,some are compounds,and others are short forms.Can you give me some examples for each way of forming a word?Give a few derivations,please? S1:unhappy,happiness,happily,friendship… T:Some compounds? S2:blackboard,firefighter,hard-working,handbag… T:Some short forms? S3:e-book,e-mail,UFO,DNA,WTO,OPEC… T:You all did a good job.Now,please look at the screen and do the exercise.Three minutes later,I’ll check your answers. (Show the following on the screen.)
Study the sentences and guess the meaning of each underlined word.Explain how the word is formed.
e. . The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
2.She has written good essays before,but this one is substandard. 3.He is a kind of intellectual superman. 4.The lack of a common language made it very difficult to intercommunicate (with each other). 5.Transplant the seedlings into peaty soil. 6.Have you read an e-book? 7.When did China join the WTO? 8.They helped us to map out a long-term plan.
Suggested answers: e. . output=out+put 产量 2.substandard=sub-+standard 低于标准的，不够标准的 3.superman=super-+man 超人 4.intercommunicate=inter-+communicate 互相联系 5.transplant=trans-+plant 移植 6.e-book=electronic+book 电子图书 7.WTO=World Trade Organization 世贸组织 8.long-term=long+term 长期的 T:Well done.In this unit,we’ve learned much about science and scientific achievement.Can you give an example of scientific achievement of China? Ss:On Oct.15,2003,Shenzhou Ⅴ was successfully sent up into space,realizing the Chinese dream of manned space flight. T:Yes.It’s really a significant science achievement.Since the early 1990s,China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technological development.In many fields,China has achieved great success.Today,we’ve going to read about some scientific achievements in China.First,let’s learn the new words.
(Teacher shows the screen and deals with the new words.)
boom /bu：m/ n. （经济、工商业等的）繁荣（期），迅速发展期；（营业等的）激增 put forward 提出；建议；推荐
e. . rejuvenate /rI′dVｕ：ｖEｎｅIｔ/ vt. 使返老还童；使恢复（青春）活力
breakthrough /′breIk，Wｒｕ：/ n. （知识或技术领域的）重大突破；重大进展（发现）；（军事上的）突围
e. . impressive /Im′presIv/ adj. 激动人心的；感人的；给人深刻印象的
agency /′eIdVEｎｓI/ n.（行政或职能）机构；代理机构 announce /E′naJns/ vt. 宣布，宣告
e. . genome /′dVI：nBm/ n. 基因组；染色体组 e. . element /′elImEnt/ n. 元素；要素；组成部分
evolution /?ｉ：ｖE′ｌｕ：ｎ/ n. 发展；展开
e. . byte /baIt/ n.? ［计］字节；比特
supercomputer /,sju:ｐE,ｋEｍ′ｐｊｕ:ｔE I/ n.? 超级计算机
e. . humanoid /′hju:ｍEｎCId/ adj. 具有人的形状或特点的；类人的
CStep Ⅲ Reading T:OK.Now please open your books at Page 7.Look at Reading and Writing.Read each passage quickly and find out the answers to the following two questions on the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
e. . What plan has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs?
2.Which scientific fields are mentioned in the text?
(After a while,teacher checks the answers.) T:Have you found the answers? Ss:Yes. T:Who’d like to answer the first question? S4:The plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education”. T:Quite right.The other question? S5:Exploring space,genetic research,computer engineering and medical science. (Teacher writes the answers above on the blackboard.) T:Nice work.Now,please read the passages again carefully,trying to understand them more exactly and pay attention to some detailed information.After that,work in groups to complete the chart after the passages according to what you’ve learnt from the text.After four minutes,I’ll check your answers. Suggested answers: Exploring space Achievements:The Chinese space Agency has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series.
Importance:The rockets are used to prepare for the nation’s first manned space flight. Genetic research Achievements:Chinese scientists have completed mapping out their part of the international human genetic project. Importance:It has proved that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.It helps to solve the mysteries of life. Computer engineering Achievements:Chinese computer engineers have developed the supercomputer Shenwei. Importance:The nation’s first humanoid robot has been built. Medical science Achievements:Scientists have been able to create a chemical element that can fight cancer cells. Importance:The breakthrough makes the cure of deadly disease possible. (After that,teacher deals with the language points.) T:Nice work.I think you must have understood the text very well.Now,let’s learn some useful words and expressions.Please look at the screen. (Teacher shows the following on the screen and gives brief explanations to make sure the students understand how to use them correctly.)
e. . put forward:advance,propose or suggest sth. For discussion
e.g.He is putting forward radical proposals for electoral reform. 2.aim at:intend or try to do sth. e.g.We must aim at increasing exports. 3.announce:make(sth.) known publicly e.g.They announced their engagement to the family. Have they announced when the race will begin? 4.map out:present sth. In detail e.g.He mapped out his ideas on the news project.
(Bb:put forward,aim at,announce,map out) CStep Ⅳ Listening and Reading Aloud T:Now,I’ll play the tape for you to listen.The first time,listen and follow.The second time,listen and repeat.Is that clear? Ss:Yes. (Teacher begins to play the tape.) CStep Ⅴ Writing T:Well,up to now,we’ve read a lot about scientific achievements.Which words in the text can we use to describe scientific achievements?Prepare for a few minutes.Then I’ll collect them from you. Suggested words: significant,outstanding,breakthrough… (Then teacher deals with Writing.) T:Very good.Now,please look at the Writing part.You’ve been asked by the magazine Modern Science to help them choose the greatest scientific achievemen
ever.Write a short essay,telling them which achievement you have chosen and explaining why you think that it is the most important.Are you clear about what to do now? Ss:Yes. T:In order that you can write your essay better.You’d better read and study the tips at Page 8 carefully before writing your essay.You can begin now.If time permits,I’ll ask some students to read their essay to the rest of the class.A sample essay: The publication of the detailed structure of 99% of the human genome is the culmination of one of the largest scientific undertakings in history.Initiated in 1990,the Human Genome Project involved the cooperative work of hundreds of scientists in 20 sequencing centres in countries including China,France,Germany,Great Britain,Japan and the United States. The achievement is important.Not only has it given a glimpse into the extraordinary complexity of the structure of human DNA but it has also demonstrated the huge potential of cooperative scientific endeavour organized on an international basis. Moreover,the project’s completion has already produced medical breakthrough,scientists assert that the achievement can assist research into cancers such as leukemia,and may also extend far beyond to the other deadly diseases. CStep Ⅵ Summary and Homework T:Now let’s see what we’ve learnt in this class.First,we’ve read about some China’s significant achievements in science and technology.We know Chinese history is filled with great achievements,not only in the past,but also today.Science and technology makes a country richer and stronger.Science and technology also makes society develop and progress.Do you think so? Ss:Yes. T:Second,we’ve practised writing a persuasion essay.We can use some words to describe scientific achievement.Moreover,we’ve learnt some useful words and phrases such as put forward,announce…After class,please practise more to develop your ability to use English.So much for today.Goodbye. Ss:Goodbye. CStep Ⅶ The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 11 Scientific achievement
The Fourth Period Ⅰ.Areas exploring space genetic research computer engineering medical science Ⅱ.Words and phrases: put forward aim at announce map out
CStep Ⅷ Record after Teaching
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