Unit 20 What's your favourite sport?
【单元目标】
1. 语音
⑴字母o的发音,字母组合oa,oo,ou,ow的发音
⑵句子重音和语调
2. 单词和短语
sport, ouch, basketball, easy, pass, try, yo-yo, go, throw, hard, ride, swim, skate, fly, card, volleyball, jump, sing, run, high, then, question, postal, code, ski, tennis, chess, fan, player, team, every, Friday, come on, be good at, table tennis, roller-skating
3. 交际用语
What's your favourite sport?
Don't worry.
Don't throw it like that.
Catch the ball.
Do it like this.
I'm (not) good at basketball.
You can pass the ball like this.
Do you want a go?
4. 语法
(1)进一步掌握祈使句的肯定及否定形式的构成及用法。
(2)掌握情态动词can的用法。
【重难点分析】
语音
1. o的发音
/ ?u / close nose rose
/ ? / cock clock sock
/ ? / brother mother other
/u: / do who whose
/ u / woman
2. oa的发音
/ ?u / boat coat goat
3. oo的发音
/u:/ food room broom
/u/ good look cook foot
4. ou的发音
/au/ blouse mouth about
/ ?/ trouble double
5. ow的发音
/au/ brown down town
/ ?u/ bow row throw
6. 句子重音和语调
英语讲究轻重音节的搭配。例如I'′sorry .I'm ′late. 英语的多音节词或语句,总是以重音为骨干,以轻音为陪衬,而重音和轻音又是交替出现的。汉语中轻读的语法成分要比英语少,而英语中除了实义词一般都重读外,许多结构功能词,诸如介词、连词、助动词等通常都采用弱读形式,受汉语的影响有不少学生把句子中的每一个单词都重读,他们不会使用弱读形式。例如,他们会 把“I'm a ′teacher"读成"′I ′am ′a ′teacher."这样的读音在以英语为母语的人们听来,不重要的词和音节过分突出,而真正重要的词和音节反而没有得到应有的强调。英语中,如果不是有意进行对比,代词一般都不重读。
词汇
1. want a go
要试一试,go在短语中作名词,want a go=want a try=want to have a go/try.
例如:
(1)Let him have a go/try.让他试一试。
(2)Do you want a go/try at flying a kite?你想试一下放风筝吗?
2. do表示"做"、"干"时,是实义动词,为及物动词。其作助动词时,本身用于除第三人称外的其他各人称,其否定式为don't=do not.
例如:
(1)Who can do it?谁能做这件事?
(2)I don't like you.我不喜欢你。
(3)Do you go to school on foot?你步行上学吗?
Yes, I do./No, I don't.
3. Easy
形容词,容易的,其反义词是difficult或hard(困难的)。
例如:
(1)It is easy/hard/difficult.
(2)I can't play football. It's too hard.我不会踢球,太难了。(It代替play football)
(3)Can you fly a kite? Yes. It's too easy.你能放风筝吗?可以,太容易了。
4. With
介词,其意思有
⑴表示"带着";
Please take a sweater with you.
请带上一件毛衣。
⑵表示"和……在一起";
Mum is with Grandma at home.
妈妈在家里和奶奶在一起。
⑶表示"具有"、"带有";
He'd like a glass of tea with sugar.
他要一杯加糖的茶/糖茶。
⑷表示"以……"、"用……"。
He writes with his left hand.
他用左手写字。
5. hard
可作副词,意思可为"努力地、卖力地、拼命地、猛烈地"等;也可作形容词用,意思可为 "困难的、硬的"例如:
All the students study hard at school.
所有学生在学校都努力学习。
Some of the apples are hard to reach.
有些苹果很难够着。
6. tall和high的区别
⑴说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主要用tall,不用high,例如
a tall woman 一个高个子妇女
a tall horse 一个高大的马
⑵说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如:
He is high up in the tree.
他高高地爬在树上。
The plane is so high in the sky.
飞机在空中这么高。
⑶指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,不过high的程度比tall高。
⑷high可作副词,tall不能。
⑸tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为low.
句型
1. Ling Feng, David and some other boys are playing basketball.
只能说some other boys, 不能说other some boys。表示数量的词和other 连用时,数词须位于other 之前,不能位于后,例如
Many other classmates do the work with us.
许多别的同学也与我们一块儿做这工作了。
Three other boys help her carry the banana baskets.
另外三位男孩帮她搬香蕉篓子。
2. Come on!
Come on主要用于口语中以表示催促、劝说、激励、有不要犹豫毫不耽搁之意思。
Come on .It's raining.
快。天下雨了。
Oh, come on, Li Dong, come on. Sing a song for us.
来吧,李东,来吧。给我们唱首歌吧。
3. You see, I'm not good at basketball.
be good at常用来表示某人"在某方面做得好"或"擅长于",英文解释为do well in,介词at后常接名词或动词ing形式,例如:
She's good at Chinese, but not good at English.
她中文很好,但英语不好。
Mr. Green is good at drinking coffee, but sometimes he drinks tea.
格林先生爱喝咖啡,但有时他也喝茶。
4. I don't like it very much.
⑴very much通常只修饰动词,不能修饰形容词或副词,所修饰的动词通常是一些情感性的动词,如want, like, thank, love, enjoy等。
It is a very nice picture.
那是一张很不错的画。
Mrs. Read wants very much to see you.
里德夫人很想见你。
⑵"我们很喜欢他。"只能译成"We love him very much. "许多中国学生不知道very不能修饰动词,错误地译成"We very love him."另外,very much用于否定句中时,不是加强否定语气,而是降低否定程度,属不完全否定,试比较:
I don't like fish or meat.
我不喜欢鱼和肉。
I don't like fish or meat very much.
我不太喜欢鱼和肉。
5. You can pass the ball bike this.
pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb.意思是"把某物传给某人"。如:
Please pass me that pen.= Please pass that pen to me.
请把那支钢笔递给我。
6. Throw it like this.
like this/ that意思是"像这样/那样",这里like是介词,表示"像……一样",后面一般接名词或代词,like介词短语在句中可作状语,定语或表语。例如:
Don't write like that.
不要那要写。(作状语)
Jach has a hat like a dog.
杰克有一顶像狗的帽子。(作定语)
Joe is like his father.
乔长得像他父亲。(作表语)
7. What's your favourite sport? 你喜爱什么运动?
Favourite 在这里是形容词,意为"喜欢的,喜爱的",用来作定语修饰名词。这是个特殊疑问句须作具体回答。应答此疑问句时有两种方式,例如:
What's your favourite sport?
你喜爱什么运动?
My favourite sport is playing football.
我喜爱的运动是踢足球。
Football is my favourite sport.
足球是我最喜爱的运动。
类似的问题前面还学过,例如:
(1) --- What's your favourite food?
--- 你喜欢什么食物?
--- Hamburger is my favourite food.
--- 汉堡包是我最喜爱的食物。
(2) --- What's your favourite drink?
--- 你喜爱喝什么饮料?
--- My favourite drink is coke and juice.
--- 我爱喝的饮料是可乐和果汁。
语法
1. 祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令等,它的主语you一般要省略,谓语动词必须用动词原形,句末用惊叹号或句号,用降调朗读,其结构为"v.+…"。祈使句的否定句只需在肯定式的谓语动词前加上don't即可,其结构为"Don't+v.+…"。
例如:
Sit down, please. 请坐。
Don't be nervous! 别紧张!
2. can和could
(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力"。例如:
Can you ride a bike? 你会骑自行车吗?
What can I do for you? 要帮忙吗?
Can you make a cake?你会做蛋糕吗?
(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如:
Where can he be?他会在什么地方呢?
Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗?
It surely can't be six o'clock already?
不可能已经六点钟了吧?
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've just had lunch.
汤姆,你不可能饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭。
What can he mean?他会是什么意思?
在日常会话中,can可代替may表示"允许",may比较正式。例如:
① You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。
② --- Can I use your pen?
--- Of course,you can.
---我能用你的钢笔吗?
---当然可以。
③ You can have my seat,I'm going now.
我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的过去式,表示过去有过的能力和可能性,还有怀疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑问句中)。例如:
The doctor said he could help him.(能力)
医生说他能帮助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.(能力)
当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)
那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转。例如:
Could I speak to John,please?
我能和约翰说话吗?
Could you?在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如:
Could you wait half an hour?
请你等半个小时好吗?
Could you please ring again at six?
六点钟请你再打电话好吗?
(4) can的形式
只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态(包括将来时)须用be able to加动词不定式来表示。例如:
They have not been able to come to Beijing.
他们没有能到北京来。
日常交际用语
1. That's right.
That's right意为"对的",表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断,其相反的表达是That's wrong.有时That's right.=You are right. That's wrong.=You're wrong.
例如:
(1) "I think we must help the old man.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""说得对"。
(2) "Ten and one is eleven." "that's right."
"10+1=11"."你是对的?quot;
2. That's all right.
That's all right.意为"不用谢"、"没关系",用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。
例如:
(1) "Many thanks." "That's all right."
(2) "Sorry. It's broken." "That's all right."
3. All right.
All right.意为"行了"、"可以",表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示"身体很好"。
例如:
(1) "Please tell me about it." "请把此事告诉我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
(2)Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗?
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