to是动词不定式常常带有的小品词,是动词不定式的标志。但在下列情况下它常常被省略掉。
1. 作感官动词see,watch,hear,feel,notice等的宾语补足语时。如:
We felt the house shake. 我们感到房屋摇晃。
2. 作使役动词make,let,have等的宾语补足语时。如:
She lets us meet her at the station. 她让我们去车站接她。
3. help后的宾语补足语前可带to也可不带to.如:
She helped her mother(to)prepare for Christmas. 她帮助她母亲为圣诞节做准备。
4. “Will you please …?”结构中,不定式符号to要省略。如:
Will you please close the door? 请你关上门,好吗?
5. “had better(not)…”结构中,不定式符号to要省略。如:
You had better not talk in class. 在上,你最好不要说话。
6. “would rather(宁愿)…”结构中,不定式符号to要省略。如:
I would rather stay at home. 我宁愿待在家里。
7. “Why not …?”结构中,紧跟其后的动词不定式要省略to.如:
Why not ask Jim? 为什么不问问吉姆?
8. 当两个或两个以上的不定式并列在一起时,第一个不定式前加to,后面的不定式往往省略to.如:
He told me to finish my homework and(to)hand it in. 他告诉我完成作业并把它交上去。
二、疑问词+动词不定式
疑问词what,which,how,where,when等可以和动词不定式连用,构成不定式短语。“疑问词+动词不定式”可以作主语、宾语、表语等。如:
When to start off hasn’t been decided yet. 什么时候出发还没决定。(作主语)
The question is which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。(作表语)
“疑问词+动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。如:
I don’t know what I should say.→I don’t know what to say.
三、too…to &hellip 初中英语;/enough to和so…that…
so…that…引导的结果状语从句可以用too…to…和enough to…改成简单句,若从句是否定含义既可用“too+形容词/副词+to…”改写,也可用“not+形容词/副词(原句中形容词/副词的反义词)+enough+to…”改写;若从句是肯定含义常用enough to…改写。如:
1. The girl is so young that she can’t join the army.
→The girl is too young to join the army.
或→The girl is not old enough to join the army. 这个女孩太小不能参军。
2. He runs so fast that he can get there first.
→He runs fast enough to get there first. 他跑得够快,可以第一个到那儿。
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