【导语】高二一年,强人将浮出水面,鸟人将沉入海底。高二重点解决三个问题:一,吃透课本;二，找寻适合自己的学习方法；三，总结自己考试技巧，形成习惯。为了帮助你的学习更上一层楼，逍遥右脑为你准备了《高二上学期第三次月考英语试卷》希望可以帮到你！

　　*部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分65分）

　　*节：单项填空（共35小题，每题1分，满分35分）

　　1.Itis___reminderthatweneedtocareabout_____worldwelivein,_____onewithnecessityforlifeandlife.

　　A.a;a;/B.a;the;theC./;the;/D.a;the;/

　　2.Themanwith____shouldersstaredatmewith____eyes.

　　A.broad,greatB.wide,largeC.wide,broadD.broad,wide

　　3.Youmaynotagree,but____Ithinksheisaverygoodgirl

　　A.personallyB.trulyC.generallyD.commonly

　　4.Theystayedupverylatelastnight.Nowtheyarestillasleep.Don’t____them.

　　A.breakB.disturbC.knockD.interrupt

　　5.Theswimmingpoolisused_____allthechildrenintheneighborhood.

　　A.incommonB.incommonbyC.incommonwithD.incommonof

　　6.Theprogresshehasmadeinmathsismuchgreaterthan_____inEnglish.

　　A.theoneB.thatC.hehasD.it

　　7.Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstances_____thetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.

　　A.mayweuseB.wecoulduseC.wemayuseD.didweuse

　　8.Thepolicemansignedforthedriverto_____andthencheckedhisdrivinglicense.

　　A.setasideB.breakdownC.stopoverD.pullover

　　9.Themostexcitingthingforhimwas______hefinallyfoundtwotinnedfruitsin______seemedtohimtobeaservant'sbedroom.

　　A.that;whatB.what;whichC.that;thatD.what;where

　　10.Thelittleboyisn’tgettingonwellinmathsandworsestill,heisevenunwillingtogotoschool.Withherson_____,shefeelsvery______.

　　A.disappointing；worryingB.disappointing；worried

　　C.disappointed；worriedD.disappointed；worrying

　　11.WhenIturnedtotheperson_____nexttome,Irecognizedthathewasmyschoolmate.

　　A.seatingB.seatedC.sitD.sat

　　12.TheShaolinTemple_____1400yearsagohasbecomeatouristattraction.

　　A.datesbacktoB.datingbackC.datesfromD.datingfrom

　　13.Hewasgladtolearn____wasamongthenamesadmittedtotheuniversity.

　　A.itB.thatC.heD.his

　　14.---Wheredidthemurderhappen?

　　---Itwasinthehouse_____mygrandmotherusedtolive.

　　A.thatB.whereC.whichD.inwhich

　　15.Iwas_______inthemiddleofthecall,forIhadnocoinstoputintothebox.

　　A.hungupB.calledoffC.cutoffD.comeoff

　　16.Hesatthere,silentanddepressed,withhiseyes____ontheceiling.

　　A.fixingB.beingfixedC.fixedD.tobefixed

　　17---Musttheyhandintheircompositionstomorrow?

　　---No,they______handtheminthisafternoon.

　　A.aregoingtoB.aretoC.needn’tD.can’t

　　18.Thatdaywasamostexcitingmomentforthefootballfans,____forthefirsttime,theirfootballteamwontheWorldCup.

　　A.whenB.whichC.whileD.ontheday

　　19.?What’sthematterwithyourfinger?

　　?I______inthedoorjustnow.

　　A.gotittocatchB.gotitcaughtC.gotitcatchingD.gottocatchit

　　20.It’sreportedthataplanewithfivepeople______crashedintothemountainseveraldaysago.

　　A.onboardB.ontheboardC.inboardD.intheboard

　　21.Itwas10o’clock____thebigfirebrokeout,______5peoplelosttheirlives.

　　A.that,whichB.when,whichC.that,whereD.when,where

　　22.Theprofessortriedhisbesttomakehislectureeasy________.

　　A.understoodB.tounderstandC.understandingD.tobeunderstood

　　23.Althoughthereweremanypeopleinthesquare,Icould____myoldfriend.

　　A.pickupB.makeupC.pickoutD.leaveout

　　24.---DoesBilldohisnewjobwell?

　　---______hisoldjob.I’mafraidthere’snohopeforhim.

　　A.NotbetterthanB.NotdowellasC.NobetterthanD.Notaswellas

　　25.---Doyoureallywanttogoout?

　　---Itmayrain.____Ishallgoout.Idon’tmindtherain.

　　A.AnywayB.OtherwiseC.NowthatD.Orelse

　　26.---Marylookssad.Didyoutellheraboutthebadnews?

　　---Yes,butI______herlater.

　　A.shouldhavetoldB.shouldn’thavetold

　　C.musthavetoldD.needn’thavetold

　　27.---Whatlies______themountains?

　　---Abeautifulfreshlake.

　　A.overB.acrossC.beyondD.through

　　28.--HasMr.Robee______?

　　--Itwilltakeaperiodoftwoweeksafterhisoperation.

　　A.recoveredB.uncoveredC.discoveredD.restored

　　29.Allthepartsoftheproductsrequiretestingagainbeforetheyare_______.

　　A.forsaleB.onsaleC.soldoutD.tosale

　　30.Onceyouareinanewculture,youneedto_____yourselfforatime,beforeyou______it

　　A.fit;getusedtoB.suit;usedtoC.adjust;getusedtoD.correct;usedto

　　31.--It’simpossiblethatJoneswillpassthedrivingtest.

　　--Butshewishshe______.

　　A.doesB.wouldC.shouldD.will

　　32.----CanIlookatthemenuforamoreminutesbeforeIdecide?

　　---Ofcourse.________Sir.

　　A.MakeyourselfathomeB.Enjoyyourself

　　C.Itdoesn’tmatter.D.Takeyourtime

　　33.He_______upearlysincehischildhood.

　　A.usedtogetB.isusedtoget

　　C.hasbeenusedtogetD.hasbeenusedtogetting

　　34.Seeingthehappy________ofchildrenplayinginthepark,I’mfullofjoyandconfidenceinthefutureofourcountry.

　　A.sightB.sceneC.viewD.sign?

　　35.---Whichofthetwoshirtswouldyouliketotake?

　　--__________.There’snotmuchdifferencebetweenthem.

　　A.AnyoneB.EitherC.BothD.None

　　第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个*佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Itwasautumn.Athinwhitemoonroseoverthevalley.Peter,11yearsold,didnotseeit.Hedidnotfeelthecoolwind36hisface,forhisthoughts_37__onaredandblack38onthetable,whichwasa39fromhisfathertohisgrandfather.TheysaidthatGrandpawas40.

　　Peterhad41believedFatherwouldsendGrandpaaway.Now,therewasthethingFatherhadbought42verymorning.ThiswasthelasteveningheandGrandpawouldhavewitheachother.Afterwashingthe43dishes,theoldmantookuptheblanket.“Whata44doubleblanket!I’llnotfeelcoldwithit,”saidtheoldman,45itoverhisknees.

　　“Oh,yes!”Petersaidandtriedto46backthetearsinhiseyes.

　　Justthen47cametwopeople,Fatherandthegirlhewasto48.ThegirlwentuptoGrandpaandsaidPrettily,“I’llnotbe49youinthemorning,soIcameovertosaygood-bye.”

　　“It’sniceofyou,”saidGrandpa.“Willyoulookatthis?Isn’titafineblanketmysonhasgivenmetogoawaywith?”

　　“Yes,really,”shesaid,Shefeltitandsaid50,“Adoubleone!Itmusthavecostmuch..Hedoesn’tneedadoubleone.”

　　“Sheis51,Father,”theboysaid,“Here,Father.”Heheldouta52ofscissors（剪刀）.“Cuttheblanketinto53.Asingleoneisenoughforanoldman.We’ll54theotherhalf.

　　“Whatdoyou55bythat?”askedFather.

　　“I’llgiveittoyouwhenyouareoldandI’msendingyouaway.”saidtheboyslowly.

　　36.A.beatingB.blowingC.hittingD.brushing

　　37.A.cameB.wentC.werefixedD.weretaken

　　38.A.blanketB.cupC.dishD.jar

　　39.A.debtB.giftC.letterD.will

　　40.A.dyingB.gladC.goingawayD.married

　　41.A.infactB.notreallyC.notsimplyD.obviously

　　42.A.inB.itC.onD.that

　　43.A.breakfastB.cleanC.lunchD.supper

　　44.A.badB.dirtyC.fineD.old

　　45.A.smoothingB.holdingC.cleaningD.putting

　　46.A.comeB.getC.keepD.take

　　47.A.inB.outC.outofD.outside

　　48.A.loveB.helpC.knowD.marry

　　49.A.seeingB.missingC.forgettingD.thinking

　　50.A.anxiouslyB.coldlyC.quietlyD.warmly

　　51.A.cleverB.lyingC.rightD.wrong

　　52.A.bitB.kindC.pairD.piece

　　53.A.oneB.piecesC.halfD.two

　　54.A.spareB.keepC.sellD.use

　　55.A.meanB.sayC.showD.think

　　第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出*佳选项。

　　A

　　PhysicistStephenHawkingmovedtohearthospital

　　World-renownedBritishphysicistStephenHawking,authorofsciencebest-sellerABriefHistoryofTime,hasbeentransferredtoaspecialistheartandlunghospitalduetotheeffectsofpneumonia（肺炎）,thehospitalsaidonTuesday.

　　MrHawking,62,whoiswheelchair-boundduetothemotorneurone（运动神经元病）diseasehehassufferedformorethan40years,wasmovedtoPapworthHospitalinCambridge,easternEngland,fromageneralhospitalalsoinhishome.

　　"He'sstableandwasbroughtinyesterday[Monday]morning,"saidaspokeswomanforPapworth,acentreofexcellenceincardiactreatment.

　　CambridgeUniversity,whereMrHawkingisamathematicsprofessor,wasunabletosaywhyhehadbeenmovedbutsaidhehadinitially（*初）gonetohospital"inrelationtothepneumoniahewasbeingtreatedforinDecemberandJanuary".

　　BritishpolicearecurrentlyinvestigatingclaimsmadebynurseslookingafterMrHawkingwhosaythathehadbeenphysicallyabused（*）byhiswife,Elaine.

　　Lastmonththephysicistissuedastatementsayinghe"firmlyandwholeheartedly"rejectedtherumors,describingmediareportsofsupposedassaults（攻击）byhiswifeas"completelyfalse".BriefHistory,whichsoldmorethan10millioncopies,madeMrHawkingamillionaireandoneofthemostfamousscientistsontheplanet.

　　WhenMrHawkingwasdiagnosedwithmotorneuronediseasewhilestillauniversityundergraduate,hislifeexpectancywasputataroundtwoyears,andheisoneofthelongest-survivingsufferersofthecondition.

　　Despitehisillnessandhisneedtospeakthroughanelectronicvoicebox,MrHawkinghascontinuedtotourtheworld,givingsciencelectures.

　　56.Fromthepassagewecansee___________.

　　A.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltotreathispneumonia

　　B.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltotreathislong-suffereddisease

　　C.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltoavoidassaults.

　　D.Hawkinghasmovedtoanewhospitaltogivelectures.

　　57.Itseemsthat_________________.

　　A.Hawkinghasnotgoodrelationwithhiswife.

　　B.Hawkingwillrecoverhisspeech.

　　C.Hawkingisateacher.

　　D.ThefirsthospitalwillnotbeabletocureHawking’sdisease.

　　58.Thewriterwritesthispassagemainlyto___________.

　　A.telloftheseriousnessofHawking’sdisease.

　　B.tellofthefamilylifeofHawking.

　　C.tellofthepresentconditionofHawking.

　　D.Hawking’swealthcomesfromthebook“Abriefhistoryoftime”.

　　59._____hasmadeHawkingamillionaire.

　　A.thebook“Abriefhistoryoftime”B.hislectures

　　C.HisteachingpositionD.Hiswife

　　B

　　TheFourTreasures

　　Inthe5thor6thcenturyJapanadoptedtheChinesewritingsystem.ItisofnosurprisethenthattheJapanese,beingtheindustriouspeoplethattheyare,adoptedthemethodsandideologyoftheChinesewritingsystemaswell.AsproofoftheJapanesesinglemindednesstheyhavestucktothisrigidstyleofwritingforthepast1500years.

　　TheChinesebeliefthatthatgovernmenthasitsfoundationinwritingdedicatedgreatimportancetotheFourTreasuresofWriting:brush,ink,inkstone,andpaper.UponcopyingtheChinesebureaucratic（官僚政治的）systemofgovernmenttheJapanesealsoadoptedtheChineseideaoftheFourTreasures.OnecantracethisbacktoJapan'searliestrecordsfromthe8thcenturywherethebrush,ink,inkstoneandpaperappearasobjectsofadoration.

　　60.Itwasin________thatJapanbegantofollowChinainwriting.

　　A.1500A.D.B.500-600A.D.C.Before5thA.DD.5thor6thB.C.

　　61.ThefourtreasuresforChinais_______________.

　　A.brush,ink,inkstoneandpaper

　　B.beliefs,socialsystems,writingsystemsandideology

　　C.brush,writingsystems,inkstoneandpaper

　　C.brush,ideology,inkandpaper.

　　62.TheJapaneseadoptedChinesewritingsystembecause_______.

　　A.theyareindustriouspeople.

　　B.theyhavesinglemindedness.

　　C.theyadmiredChinesewritingsystem

　　D.theylivedclosetoChina.

　　63.TheJapaneseadoptedthoseofChinain_____ways.

　　A.fourB.threeC.twoD.five

　　C

　　GettingintotheCity

　　FromJohnF.KennedyInternationalAirport

　　Queens:（718）244-4444

　　Distancetomidtown:15miles

　　Timetomidtown:50-60minutes

　　Hoursofoperation:24

　　Traveler’sAid:（718）656-4870

　　MTA-

　　NewYorkCityTransitAuthority

　　130LivingstonSt.,Brooklyn11201;（718）330-1234,www.mta.info.BusesfromtheairportconnectwithsubwaystopsinQueensandBrooklyn:afreeshuttlegoesfromJFKterminalstotheAline;theQ3busgoestotheFline;andtheB15goestothe3line.Also,theQ10,operatedbyGreenBusLines（718995-4700）,connectstotheE,F,J,andZlines.Bus/subwayfareis＄1.5,paidinexactchange,withatoken,orwithaMetroCard.

　　Readercard#67.Adonp.43.

　　NewYorkAirportService

　　（718）875—8200,www.nyairportservice.com.Operatesbusshuttleevery20—30minutestoNYC’sPennStation,PortAuthority,andGrandCentralTerminal（＄13）andtoManhattanhotelsbetween33rdand57thSts.（＄15）.Readercard#230.Adonp.25.

　　SuperShuttle

　　52—1511thSt.,LongIslandCity,Queens11101;（212）209—7000,（800）258—3826,www.supershuttle.com.Door—to—doortransportation,24hours,365days.Lookforthebluevan.Readercard#123.Adonp.39.

　　64.IfyouwanttoknowmoreabouttheMetroCard,youcan.

　　A.visitwww.nyairportservice.com.

　　B.telephone（212）209—7000or（800）258—3826

　　C.readtheadonpage43ofthebook

　　D.visitwww.supershuttle.com

　　65.WhatdoyouknowaboutNewYorkCitysubwaylinesfromthereading?

　　A.Theysupplydoortodoortransportation.

　　B.Theyaredirectlyconnectedwiththeairport.

　　C.Theyrun24hours,365days,markedwithcolors.

　　D.Theyaremarkedwitheithernumbersorletters.

　　66.SupposeyouwanttogettoaManhattanhotelin23rdStreetfromtheairport,you’dbetter.

　　A.takeabusshuttleB.takeabusbyGreenBusLine

　　C.takeSuperShuttleD.takeasubway

　　D

　　Itisnotalwayseasytounderstandinventionsandnewdevelopmentsinscience.Tounderstandfiberoptics（光纤）,however,youcantryanexperiment.

　　Putadroportwoofmilkintotheglassofwater.Turnoffthelights.Shinethelightfromyourflashlight（手电筒）throughthetopoftheglassatanangle（角度）ofabout45degrees.Putapieceofwhitepaperagainsttheglasswhenthebeam（光束）oflightisshining.Movethepapersoyoucanseewherethebeamiscomingoutoftheglass.Youshouldseeaspotoflight.Someofthelighthaspassedthroughthewaterandthroughtheglass.Youseeitonthepaper.Youalsoseeanotherbeamgoingdownintotheglass.Itisbeingreflecteddownintotheglass.

　　Nextmovetheflashlightsothatthebeamiscomingstraighterdown（30degrees）intothewater.Youwillseethesamephenomenon:someofthelightisreflectedbackintotheglass.Andsomeescapesout.Nowmovethebeamoflightfromtheflashlightslowlyupuntilyoucannotseeanylightescaping.Thispointiscalledthe“pointoftotalinternalreflection.”Thewordinternalmeans“inside.”Allthelightisstayinginsidetheglass.Thereisnobeamshowingabrightspotonthewhitepaper.Allthelightenergyisinsidetheglass.

　　Theglassofmilkywaterislikeastrand（线）ofglass.Afiberoptictubeisabundleoflongthinstrandsofglass,reallymanytubes.However,theprinciple（原理）isthesame:atacertainangle,allthelightenergythatgoesintotheglassfibercomesouttheotherend.

　　Lightisenergy.Soundisenergy.Radiowavesandelectricityarebothenergy.Theycanallbechangedintolight,andaslighttheycanalltravelalongaglassfiber.Lighttravelsattherateof186,000milespersecond.Therefore,amessagecantravelthatfastinaglassfiber.Thisistheprinciple,orlawofnature,thatmakesfiberopticswork.

　　67.Whichfigureshowsthelaststepoftheexperiment?

　　68.Thepurposeoftheexperimentistotellus________.

　　A.howfastlighttravelsB.howfiberopticsworks

　　C.howlighttravelsinaglassofwaterD.howfiberopticshelpsmankind

　　69.Intheexperiment,makesthebiggestdifference.

　　A.theangelatwhichtoshinethelightfromtheflashlight

　　B.theamountofwaterintheglassofmilk

　　C.thenumberofdropsofmilktopourintotheglassofwater

　　D.thesizeoftheholethroughwhichtoshinelightfromtheflashlight

　　70.Thelaststepistoprove.

　　A.nobeamisshownonthewhitepaper

　　B.nolightcanbenoticedinsidetheglass

　　C.noreflectioncanbeseen

　　D.noenergyiswasted

　　71.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?

　　A.ExperimentofLightTravelB.PrinciplesofFiberOptics

　　C.CommunicationonFiberOpticsD.TheoryofLightTravel

　　E

　　Theorangutan（猩猩）isoneofthefourremainingkindsofman-likeapes（类人猿）leftintheworldtoday.OrangutansarefoundonlyontheislandsofBomeoandSumatra.Theyaregrowingfewer.Thereisadangerthattheymaydieout.

　　Untilthetimebetweenthewars,feworangutanswerekeptinzoos.

　　Littlewasknownaboutthem.Aspeoplecametoknowtheirgentleandinterestingways,theybecamemorepopular.Everyzoowantedtohavesomeofthem,butthenumberoforangutansintheworldwassmall.

　　Afterthelastwar,thenativesfoundtheywouldmakealotofmoneybycatchingandsellingyoungorangutans.Fully-grownandhalf-grownorangutansweremuchtoostrongtobetaken.Theonlyknownwayofcatchingtheyoungwastoshoottheparentsfirst.Thismeantthatorangutanswerelosttowildlifeforeveryonecaught.Italsomeantthatfewerorangutanswereborn.Oncecaughttheyoungweresobadlylookedafterthatatleasthalfofthemdied.Theywereusuallysoldtosomeonewhoknewlittleaboutlookingafterthem.

　　72.Exceptorangutans,howmanykindsofman-likeapseareleftintheworld?

　　A.One.B.TwoC.ThreeD.Four

　　73.BeforetheSecondWorldWar,________.

　　A.peopleknewlittleaboutorangutans

　　B.peopleknewtheymightdisappear

　　C.manyorangutanswerekeptinzoos

　　D.thenumberofthemweresmall

　　74.Whatmakespeoplesurethatorangutansmaydieout?

　　A.Theyarefoundmorepopularinthezoos.

　　B.TheycanlivenowhereexceptBorneoandSumatra.

　　C.Theycometobelovedbypeople.

　　D.Sellingandcatchingthemarethequickestmeanstobecomerich.

　　75.Theynativesonlycaughttheyoungorangutansbecause______.

　　A.theywerewelllookedafter

　　B.theycouldeasilyfitinwiththenewplaces

　　C.theywerelightandeasilytakenway

　　D.theycouldbelosttowildlifeandtamed

　　76.Thecatchoftheyoungorangutansledto______.

　　A.fewerbornbabiesB.thedeathoftheirparents

　　C.thepoorcareandmoredeathoftheyoungD.alloftheabove

　　F

　　Whenaninventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossiblecoursesofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworldbypublishingit,keeptheideasecret,orpatentit.

　　Agranted（批准的）patentistheresultofabargainstruckbetweenaninventorandthestate,bywhichtheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopoly（垄断）andpublishesfulldetailsofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiodends.

　　Onlyinthemostexceptionalcircumstances（情况）isthelifespanofapatentextendedtoalter（改变）thisnormalprocessofevents.ThelongestextensionevergrantedwastoGeorgesValensi;his1939patentforcolorTVreceivercircuitrywasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallifetherewasnocolourTVtoreceiveandthusnohopeofrewardfortheinvention.

　　Becauseapatentremainspermanentlypublicafterithasended,theshelvesofthelibraryattachedtothepatentofficecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasthatarefreeforanyonetouseand,ifolderthanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patent.Indeed,patentexpertsoftenadviseanyonewishingtoavoidthehighcostofconductingasearchthroughlivepatentsthattheonesurewayofavoidingviolationofanyotherinventor'srightistostealadeadpatent.

　　Likewise,becausepublicationofanideainanyotherformpermanentlyinvalidates（使无效）furtherpatentsonthatidea,itistraditionallysafetotakeideasfromotherareasofprint.Muchmoderntechnologicaladvanceisbasedonthesepresumptions（假定）oflegalsecurity.

　　Anyonecloselyinvolvedinpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost"new"ideasare,infact,asoldasthehills.Itistheirreductiontocommercialpractice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,thatmakesnewsandmoney.Thebasicpatentforthetheoryofmagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886.Manyoftheoriginalideasbehind

　　televisionoriginatefromthelate19thandearly20thcentury.EventheVolkswagenrear（后面）enginecarwasanticipated（预见）bya1904patentforacartwiththehorseattherear.

　　77.Thepassageismainlyabout_________

　　A.anapproachtopatentsB.theapplicationforpatents

　　C.theuseofpatentsD.theaccesstopatents

　　78.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

　　A.Whenapatentbecomesoutofeffect,itcanbere-patentedorextendedifnecessary.

　　B.Itisnecessaryforaninventortoapplyforapatentbeforehemakeshisinventionpublic.

　　C.Apatentholdermustpublicizethedetailsofhisinventionwhenitslegalperiodisover.

　　D.Onecangetallthedetailsofapatentedinventionfromalibraryattachedtothepatentoffice.

　　79.GeorgeValensi'spatentlasteduntil1971because_________

　　A.nobodywouldofferanyrewardforhispatentbeforethattime

　　B.hispatentcouldnotbeputtouseforanunusuallylongtime

　　C.therewerenotenoughTVstationstoprovidecolourprogrammes

　　D.thecolourTVreceiverwasnotavailableuntilthattime

　　80.Fromthepassagewelearnthat________

　　A.aninventionwillnotbenefittheinventorunlessitisreducedtocommercialpractice.

　　B.productsareactuallyinventionswhichweremadealongtimeago

　　C.itismuchcheapertobuyanoldpatentthananewone

　　D.patentexpertsoftenrecommendpatentstoothersbyconductingasearchthroughdeadpatents

　　【导语】逍遥右脑整理《高二地理知识点：物质运动和能量交换2》，以及最全的高考备考资料，有语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理、文综、理综复习学习资料，复习讲义、听力材料、作文素材，历年真题试题下载及答案解析，完备的资料库为广大考生提供全面的备考参考。

　　（1）大气对太阳辐射的削弱作用：①吸收作用：具有选择性，臭氧吸收紫外线，水汽和二氧化碳吸收红外线。对可见光吸收的很少。②反射作用：云层和颗粒较大的尘埃。云层的反射作用最显著。③散射作用：空气分子或微小尘埃，使一部分太阳辐射不能到达地面。

　　（2）大气对地面的保温作用：大气吸收地面辐射并产生大气逆辐射（射向地面的大气辐射），把部分热量归还给地面，云层越厚大气逆辐射越强。

　　5、全球近地面有7个气压带（高低压相间分布），6个风带。

　　（1）低纬度环流：

　　①赤道低压带：因为热力作用形成，气流辐合上升，易成云致雨，形成多雨带。常年受其控制形成热带雨林气候（亚马孙平原、刚果盆地、东南亚的马来群岛）

　　②副热带高压带：因为动力作用而形成，气流在30度纬度上空聚积而下沉，形成少雨带（东亚季风区除外），常年受其控制的地区形成热带沙漠气候（北非的撒哈拉水沙漠、西亚的沙漠、北美美国西部的沙漠、南美智利、秘鲁西部的沙漠、澳大利亚大沙漠）

　　③信风带：由副高吹向赤道低压的气流，在北半球右偏成东北信风，在南半球左偏成东南信风。

　　（2）中纬度环流：

　　④副极地低压带：由来自低纬的暖气流与来自高纬的冷气流相遇运动上升而形成。形成温带多雨带。

　　⑤中纬西风带：由副高吹向副极地低压带的气流，在北半球右偏成西南风，在南半球左偏成西北风，习惯上叫西风，受其常年控制的地区，在大陆西岸形成温带海洋性气候。（欧洲西部、北美西部如加拿大的温哥华附近、南美南端的安第斯山西侧、澳大利亚南端及塔斯马尼亚岛、新西兰等）

　　（3）高纬环流：

　　⑥极地高压带：因为热力作用而形成，冷空气下沉，形成少雨带。不过极地因为气温低，蒸发更少，所以极地属于降水量大于蒸发量的地区，为湿润地区。

　　⑦极地东风带：由极地高压带吹向副极地低压带的气流，在地转偏向力作用下，北半球右偏成东北风，南半球左偏成东南风。

　　（4）气压带和风带的移动：△移动的原因：随太阳直射点的移动而动。△移动方向：就北半球而言，大致是夏季北移，冬季南移。

　　（5）单一气压带或风带作用形成的气候类型：热带雨林气候（赤道低气压带）、热带沙漠气候（副热带高气压带）、温带海洋性气候（中纬西风带）。

　　（6）气压带、风带移动形成的气候类型：热带草原气候（夏季受赤道低气压带控制，冬季受低纬信风带控制）、地中海气候（夏季受副热带高气压带控制，冬季受中纬西风带控制）。

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