Unit 3 Under the sea
核心单词
1. witness
vt. 当场见到；目击
vi. 作证
n. 目击者；证人；证据
We all came to witness history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa cAuliffe.
我们聚集在一起见证历史，观看教师克里斯塔•麦考利夫历史性的飞行。
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
他作证看到那个男人进入这栋建筑物。
Life without a friend is death without a witness.
在世无朋友,死后无证人。
常用结构：
give witness on behalf of sb. 替某人作证
be a witness to ... 是……的目击者
witness to sth./doing sth. 为某事作证
bear/give witness to sth. 作证;证明某事
高手过招
单项填空
any people the car accident, so it was not difficult to investigate. （2010•01•陕西宝鸡检测）
A.Witnessed B. Harnessed C. Swallowed D. Drugged
解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意为：许多人目击了那场车祸，因此不难调查。witness目击；harness控制；利用； swallow吞掉；drug下药；使服药。
2. drag
vt. 拖；拉；扯
n. 令人厌烦的人/事；累赘
常用结构：
drag behind 落在后面
drag in 扯进
drag sb. down 使某人沮丧
drag on 拖延
Her skirt dragged on the floor. 她的裙子拖在地上。
易混辨析
drag/draw/pull
drag 表示费力，缓慢而艰难地“拉、拖”较重的物体。
draw 表示从容地“拉、拖”。
pull 表示突然、急速地“拉”，方式不限。
We dragged the fallen tree from the road.
我们把倒在路上的树拖到一边。
Draw your chair up to the table.
把你的椅子拉到桌子旁边。
Five monkeys pull the elephant.
五只猴子在拉大象。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①那个国家卷入了战争之中。
②她把她的孩子强拉到牙科诊所。
答案： ①The country was dragged into the war.
②She dragged her child to the dentist’s.

3. urge
vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策
常用结构：
urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth.
力劝某人某事；催促某人某事
urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事
urge that ... 主张……（用虚拟语气）
He waved his hand as if urge us on.
他挥挥手似乎在鼓励我们前进。
They urged me to eat the strange food.
他们怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物。
She urged that I (should) apologize to him.
她主张我应该向他道歉。
联想拓展
urgency n.紧急，迫切，急迫
urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的;执拗的
In case of urgency, call the police.
一旦发生紧急情况，打电话给警察。
They were urgent in their demands.
他们坚持他们所提出的要求。
高手过招
单项填空
The captain urged his team make greater effort. （ 2010•01•陕西师大附中检测）
A.With B. on C. of D. To
解析：选D。句意为： 船长鼓励他的团队要加把劲。urge sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事。
4. abandon
vt. 遗弃；抛弃；放弃
常用结构：
abandon oneself to sth. 陷入某事
联想拓展
abandonment n. \[U\]遗弃；离弃；抛弃；放弃
abandoner n. 放弃者；遗弃者；投保者
abandonee n. 承保人；被遗弃者
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；无拘束的
易混辨析
abandon/desert/give up
abandon强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味。
give up普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃。
The match was abandoned because of bad weather.
比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。
Never desert your friends.永不遗弃朋友。
He persuaded me to give up my plan.
在他的劝说下，我放弃了那个。
高手过招
单项填空
As time goes on, fewer and fewer old men are in the countryside. （2010•01•东青岛模块检测）
A. Abandon B. to abandon
C. Abandoning D. being abandoned
解析：选D。此处老人和遗弃为被动关系，故选D。
5. aware
adj. 意识到的；知道的
常用结构：
be／become aware of sth. 意识到某事
be aware that-clause 知道……；意识到……
make sb.aware that-clause 提醒某人注意……
make sb.aware of ... 让某人注意到……
He wasn’t aware of the danger.他没有意识到危险。
Is she aware that I’m coming? 她知道我要吗?
联想拓展
unaware adj.不察觉的；不知道的
awareness n. 知道；意识
温馨提示
aware后跟名词性从句时，一般在从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。
高手过招
用适当的介词或aware的适当形式填空 （原创）
①When you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself continuously aware situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.
②The principal didn’t seem to be aware there should have been so much dispute about the decision.
③Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise about AIDS.
④ike seems of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it.
答案：① of ② that ③awareness ④unaware

6. hang
v.悬挂;吊;施以绞刑;垂下
The boy hung his head in shame. 那个男孩羞愧地低下了头。
联想拓展
hang back 踌躇不前；退缩
hang down 下垂；低下头
hang on to 紧紧握住；坚持下去
hang on 抓紧；取决于；不挂断电话
hang about=hang around 徘徊；荡荡去
hang by/on/upon a thread/hair千钧一发
hang it doubt 疑惑不决
hang up 悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话
高手过招
单项填空
I was so angry that I on him. （原创）
A. hung down B. hung up
C. hanged on D. hang back
解析：选B。句意为：我太生气了，以至于我挂掉了他的电话。hang down下垂；低下头 ; hang on紧紧握住；坚持下去；（打电话不挂断）; hang back犹豫；畏缩; hang up悬挂；吊；终止；挂断电话。
重点短语
7. sort out
整理；挑出; 处理(问题／困难)
I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.
我已经把那些可以扔掉的报纸整理出了。
We’ve got a few problems to sort out.
我们有几个问题要解决。
联想拓展
sort through 翻查;归整
put away 把……存放好
He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk。
他在整理桌上的一堆。
Put away your books, please.
请将书本收起。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①他从相片中挑出自己的，并把它们放到相册中。
②放学了，把书本收好。
答案： ①He sorted his own photos out from others and kept them in an album.
②After school, put away your books.

8. help(...) out
帮助（某人）摆脱困难或危难
Can you help me out with the maths problem?
你能帮我解出这道数学题吗?
联想拓展
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
with the help of 在……的帮助下；借助
help oneself to 请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住，忍不住
can’t help but do sth. 只能；不得不
Please help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。
She can’t help laughing. 她忍不住大笑起。
I can’t help but wait. 我只能等。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①在老师和同学们的帮助下，小明终于摆脱了爱玩电子游戏的习惯。
②地震中，许多家长不得不眼睁睁地看着他们的孩子埋在废墟中。
答案：①With the help of the teacher and his classmates, Xiaoming managed to help himself out of his problem with computer games.
②In the earthquake, many parents couldn’t help but leave their children in the ruins.

9. throw oneself out of
跃出
The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and said:“I’m here”.
那个人突然跃出水面说:“我在这儿”。
联想拓展
throw oneself at 冲向
throw oneself into 投身于；积极从事
throw away 扔掉
throw up 呕吐
throw sb. into prison 把某人投入监狱
throw at 对准向……扔去(希望击中)
throw to 向……(方向)扔去
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①休息了一会后，他重新投入了救援工作。
②你可以帮他把书递给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。
答案：①After a short rest, he threw himself into rescuing again.
②You can help him to give this book to him but it’s wrong to throw books at others.

10. upside down
上下翻转
The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down.
这淘气的孩子总是把房间的东西搞得乱七八糟。
联想拓展
inside out 里面朝外，翻面的
He wore the sweatshirt inside out.
他把运动衫反过穿。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①你把那幅画挂颠倒了！
②春节期间，中国人喜欢将“福”字倒过挂。
答案：①You’ve hung that picture upside down!
②In the Spring Festival, Chinese people would like to hang the character “fu” upside down.

11. bring in
带; 获利，赚；求援；求助；引进
Bring those suspects in. 把嫌疑犯们带进。
These boys bring in ￡60 a week.
这些男孩子每周赚六十英镑。
How much did the sideline bring the farmer family in last year?
去年副业使这家农户增加了多少收入?
The sale brought us in over $1000.
这笔买卖使我们赚了一千多美元。
They began to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own languages.
他们开始使用英语，但他们同时也从自己的语言中吸收一些词汇。
联想拓展
bring about changes 引起变化
bring along 把……带
bring back 归还
bring down 使倒下;降低;减少
bring on 使前进
bring out 使显现;出版
bring up 教育;抚养;呕吐
高手过招
单项填空
Summertime out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her sunglasses. （2010¡¤01¡¤浙江嘉兴一中检测）
A.Took B. brought C. carried D. turned
解析：选B。bring out意为¡°拿出，穿出¡±。句意为：夏天她穿着干净、扎腰带的棉布裙，低戴着帽子遮着太阳镜。根据句意，选B。
重点句型
12. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
It was/is a time when ... 曾经一度（那时）
It was a time when motorcars were rare.
那时汽车是很罕见的。
It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.
她曾经一度无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。
高手过招
翻译句子 （原创）
①曾经没人能理解我的和雄心。
②现在这一社区的人们相互帮助，和谐相处。
答案： ①It was a time when no one could understand my plan and ambition.
②It is a time when people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously.


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