词汇导练
1．Group A gave____________(有说服力的)opinions and won the debate.
2．The project should be____________(完成)within a year.
3．Jin Yong has a good____________(想像力)in writing swordsmen stories(武侠小说)．
4．I____________(推荐)the book to all my friends.
5．If I am not____________(可获得的)when you phone，ask for my brother.
6．She is d____________to go to the country for her summer holiday.
7．Is it c____________for you to come out this evening?
8．Everyone’s fingerprints are u____________.
9．If you c____________a crime，you will never escape being punished.
10．The a____________ are excited by the wonderful performance.
11．This dictionary is____________for beginners of English.(intend)
12．We may find all kinds of____________around us，on TV，in newspapers and so on.(advertise)
1．persuasive 2.completed 3.imagination 4.recommended
5．available 6.determined 7.convenient 8.unique
9．commit 10.audience 11.intended 12.advertisements
短语汇集
1．________________ 欺骗，捉弄
2．________________ 上气不接下气
3．________________ 诱使某人做某事
4．________________ 上当；受骗
5．________________ 反复地，一遍又一遍地
6．________________ 独具的；特有的
7．________________ 想要
8．________________ 把……交给某人
9．________________ 对……感到厌倦
10．________________ 迎合，对……有吸引力
11．________________ 传达
12．________________ 组织，汇集；组装
1.play tricks on 2.out of breath 3.trick sb.into doing 4.fall for 5.over and over again 6.be unique to 7.feel like 8.present sth.to sb. 9.be bored with 10.appeal to 11.get sth.across 12.put sth.together
语句试译
1．(回归课本P2)We are________used to them________we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.
我们对它们习惯到甚至经常根本意识不到一天看到、听到多少广告。
2．(回归课本P3)________ ________ads play tricks on us though.
然而并非所有的广告都在欺骗我们。
3．(回归课本P7)If they want to become the market leader，the company must ensure that their product is________ ________ ________.
如果他们想成为市场的主宰者，公司必须确保他们的产品高质量。
4．(回归课本P13)We must update our packaging________ ________ ________attract more young customers.
我们必须更新包装以吸引更多年轻顾客。
1.so；that 2.Not all 3.of high quality 4.in order to
核心知识
1.share vt.& vi. 共用；分享；分担；平均分配
n． 一份；股份
(回归课本P2)I did some research on advertisements，and have some very important information to share with you.
我对广告做了一些研究并且有很重要的信息与你分享。
10
归纳拓展
share sth.with sb.与某人分享某物，共用某物?share sth.between/among sb.分配某物?
share the joy and hardships同甘共苦?
share in分享，分担；参与?
share an interest兴趣相同?
do one’s share做分担的工作，履行义务等?bear/take one’s share of...分/负担某人的那份……
例句探源
①(牛津P1833)Sue shares a house with three other students.
休和另外三个学生合住一所房子。
②(朗文P1876)Thousands of fans flooded the streets to share in the celebration of their team’s victory.
数以千计的球迷涌向街头，共同庆祝他们球队的胜利。
③I wrote a check for my share of the phone bill.
我开了支票去交我该付的电话费。
1．完成句子
(1)The teacher suggested that they ________ __________ ________(分担费用)among them.
答案：share the expenses
(2)The little girl likes to __________ ________ ________ ________(和……分享玩具)the other kids at the kindergarten.
答案：share her toys with
(3)We are good friends，so we should ________(分享)happiness and sorrow.
答案：share
2.Culture refers to a group or community________we share common experiences that shape the way we understand the world.
A．with which B．that
C．which D．what
解析：选A。句意：“文化指的是我们与之共享形成我们理解世界的方式的共同经历的群体或社团。”share with与……共享。
2.promote vt. 宣传，推广；促销，推销(产品)；提升，晋升
(常用于被动语态)；促进
(回归课本P2)A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to promote a product or service.
商业广告是一种人们为了推销产品或服务而花钱做的广告。
归纳拓展
promote a new product 促销新产品?
promote world peace 促进世界和平?
promote equal opportunities提倡平等的机会?be promoted to manager被提升为经理))?promotion n.推销，晋级?
promoter n.承办人，主办方?
promotional adj.促销的
例句探源
①(朗文P1630)Verdoorn was promoted to senior vice president.
弗登被提升为高级副总裁。
②(牛津P1587)The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.
这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。
③The area is being promoted as a tourist destination.
这个地区正被推广为旅游点。
3．完成句子
(1)该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。
The organization works to________________between nations.
答案：promote friendship
(2)这家公司在尽力促销一种新产品。
The company is trying________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：to promote a new product
(3)她工作努力，很快便获得提升．
She worked hard and________ ________ ________.
答案：was soon promoted
(4)该足球队晋级成了甲级队。
The football team________ ________ ________the First Division.
答案：was promoted to
3.lie n． 谎话；谎言
v． 说谎；躺；处于(某种状态)
(回归课本P2)China has strong laws to protect people from advertisements that lie or try to make people believe untrue claims about products or services.
中国有强有力的法律来禁止说谎或对产品与服务介绍失真的广告来保护人们。
归纳拓展
【温馨提示】
易混词形变化：
例句探源
①(牛津P1164)The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.
猫卧在炉火旁睡得很熟。
②The town lies on the coast.
这个小镇位于海滨。
③(朗文P1186)I wish you wouldn’t lie to me.
我希望你不要对我说谎。
④Tina got into trouble for telling lies.
蒂娜因说谎陷入了麻烦。
4．完成句子
(1)许多歌星对自己的真实年龄撒谎。
Many pop stars________ ________their real ages.
答案：lie about
(2)你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。
You are________and________can not cover up facts.
答案：lying；lies
(3)由于昨晚太热了，因此他躺在地板上睡觉。
It was very hot last night，so he________on the floor to sleep.
答案：lay
(4)别对我撒谎！
Don’t________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ ________！
答案：lie to me/tell lies to me
5.The boy________on the ground________that he had seen a cock________an egg.
A．laying；lay；lay B．lying；lie；lie
C．lying；lied；lay D．lay；lying；lay
解析：选C。句意：“躺在地上的那个男孩撒谎说他看见公鸡下了个蛋。”第一个空是“躺”，lying on the ground，作定语修饰the boy；第二个空“撒谎”是句子的谓语，故用lied；第三个空“下蛋”，又用了see sb./sth.do结构，故用动词原形lay。
4.cure vt. 治愈；治疗；改正，纠正(坏习惯)
n． 治疗；疗程；疗法
(回归课本P2)The advertisers want you to read the word‘fights’and think that the toothpaste cures bad breath...
广告想要你看到“挑战”这个词，并且认为这种牙膏可治愈口臭……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P491)This simple solution cured me of biting my nails.
这个简单的办法帮我改掉了咬指甲的习惯。
②(牛津P489)Will you be able to cure him，Doctor?
医生，你能把他治好吗？
③(牛津P489)There’s no known cure but the illness can be treated.这种病尚没有确切的治愈方法，但可以医治。
易混辨析
cure，heal，treat
(1)cure意为“治愈”，常指治疗疾病，消除痛苦，或革除恶习，消除弊害等，侧重结果，常用于cure sb.of sth.结构中。
(2)heal指治愈伤口，尤其是灼伤，使愈合或恢复正常。
(3)treat意为“治疗”，强调动作，常用在treat sb.for sth.结构中。
①I am sure the poor girl’s illness will be cured.
②It took three months for the cut to heal properly.
③Which doctor is going to treat her for her illness?
6. (2011年江苏徐州第一次模拟) The doctor has cured many people ________ such a disease.
A．of B．on
C．in D．have
解析：选A。cure sb. of sth. 是一固定结构，意为“给某人治好某种病”。
7．Parents try to ________ their children of their bad habits.
A．cure B．treat
C．recover D．heal
解析：选A。cure sb. of sth.表示“治愈，改掉”；treat治疗，对待；recover重新获得，恢复；heal治愈(尤指伤口愈合)。
8.Although this medicine can cure you ________ your illness，it has a bad effect ________you.
A．for；on B．of；on
C．of；at D．for；in
解析：选B。考查两个固定搭配，即cure sb. of sth.“治愈某人的某种疾病”和have a．..effect on sb.“对某人有……的影响”。
5.recommend vt. 推荐；建议；劝告
(回归课本P9)I recommend that we purchase 10 copies for the library.
我建议我们为图书馆购买10本书。
归纳拓展
recommend that＋主语＋(should)do...建议……?recommend doing sth.建议做某事?
recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事?recommend sth.to sb.(＝recommend sb.sth.)?向某人推荐某物?
recommend sth.for...推荐……作某种用途?recommend sb.for/as...推荐某人担任……?strongly/highly/thoroughly recommend强烈建议，极力推荐?
make a recommendation提出建议
例句探源
①(牛津P1658)Can you recommend a good hotel?
你能推荐一家好的饭店吗？
②It’s strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year.
建议每年一定把机器检修一次。
③(朗文P1705)We strongly recommend buying a bicycle helmet.我们强烈建议购买自行车头盔。
④Doctors recommend that all children should be immunized.
医生们建议所有儿童都应接种疫苗。
9．完成句子
(1)It was recommended that passengers (________)________ ________ ________(not smoke)during the flight.
答案：(should)not smoke
(2)The manufacturer recommended________(change)the oil after 500km.
答案：changing
(3)My neighbor always recommends the market________fresh fruit and vegetables.
答案：for
(4)I recommend you________get down to work as soon as possible.
答案：to
6.determine vt. 决定；确定；(使)下定决心
(回归课本P18)In order to determine your audience，you will need to do a little research.
你需要做一些调查以确定你的广告群体。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P551)The amount of available water determines the number of houses that can be built.
水源的多少直接影响建房的质量。
②Turner makes no excuses，just determining to work harder.
特纳没有辩解，只是决定更加努力工作。
③(牛津P545)I’m determined to succeed.
我决心要获得成功。
④Gwen is a very determined woman.
格温是个非常坚定的女子。
(1)我们决定“五一”前完成这项工作。
We________ ________get the work done before May Day.
答案：determined to
(2)什么使你决定接受他们的邀请？
What________ ________ ________ ________their invitation?
答案：determined you to accept
(3)我们决定早些出发。
We________ ________an early start/(that)we’d make an early start.
答案：determined on
(4)我决心要弄清楚谁该对此事负责。
I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________who is responsible for this.
答案：am determined to find out
7.appeal vi. 迎合，有吸引力；恳求，呼吁；上诉
n． 恳求，呼吁；感染力；上诉
(回归课本P18)It is important to always try to appeal to the way the audience will react.
要始终迎合观众的反应，这很重要。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P80)The idea didn’t appeal to me too much.
我对这个主意不怎么感兴趣。
②The water company appealed to everyone to reduce the amount of water used.自来水公司呼吁大家节水。
③(牛津P79)The company is appealing against the ruling.
公司正对判决提出申诉。
④The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm.
警方呼吁公众保持镇静。
11．完成句子
(1)政府呼吁每个人都不要浪费水。
The government is________ ________everyone________ ________ ________water.
答案：appealing to；not to waste
(2)娱乐节目必须雅俗共赏，老少皆宜。
Entertaining programmes have to________ ________all ages and social groups.
答案：appeal to
(3)警方呼吁公众提供有关这种犯罪活动的信息。
The police are________ ________the public________information about the crime.
答案：appealing to；for
(4)她不服判决向高等法院上诉。
She________ ________the high court________her sentence.
答案：appealed to；against
12. (2011年西工大附中模拟) The design________all the ages and social groups is not easy to make.
A．appealed to B．being appealed to
C．to be appealed to D．appealing to
解析：选D。句意：能够迎合所有年龄段和不同社会阶层人的喜好的设计是很难做到的。
8.be used to 对……习以为常；习惯于；适应
(回归课本P2)We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.
我们对此是如此熟悉以至于我们根本意识不到我们一天看到、听到多少(广告)。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P2225)We are used to the noise from the traffic now.
现在我们已适应车辆来往的噪音了。
②I’m used to getting up early.
我习惯早起。
③(朗文P2266)Marianne used to play the piano every day，but she hardly ever plays now.
玛丽安娜过去天天弹钢琴，但现在几乎不弹了。
13．完成句子
(1)你以前常在星期天去钓鱼。
You ________ ________ ________ ________on Sundays.
答案：used to go fishing
(2)从前这里有一家餐厅。
________ ________ ________ ________a restaurant here.
答案：There used to be
(3)竹子可以用来建造房屋。
Bamboo________ ________ ________ ________ ________houses.
答案：can be used to build
(4)战争期间城堡被用来做监狱。
During the war the castle________ ________ ________prison.
答案：was used as
9.play tricks on... 玩把戏，戏弄……
(回归课本P3)Not all ads play tricks on us though.
然而并不是所有的广告都玩把戏。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P2204)She was tricked into signing the paper.
她被骗签了那份文件。
②Winston had tricked the elderly couple out of $ 5,000.
温斯顿骗了那对老夫妇5000美元。
③(牛津P2158)The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher.
孩子们经常耍些花招戏弄老师。
14．介词填空
(1)Playing tricks________others is something we should never do.
答案：on
(2)She tricked him________marrying her.
答案：into
(3)She has a trick________raising her eyebrows at the end of a question.
答案：of
10.up to (数量、程度等)达到；一直到……；胜任；正在干，从事着(尤指坏事)；是(某人的)责任；由(某人)决定
(回归课本P16)It allows you to take photographs continuously for up to 6 hours.
这台相机可以连续拍照长达6小时。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P2219)He’s not up to the job.
他无法胜任这项工作。
②Up to now he’s been very quiet.
到目前为止，他一直很安静。
③(朗文P2260)—Which sofa should we get?
—It’s up to you.
—“我们买哪个沙发？”
—“由你来决定”。
④I think Ken’s up to no good.
我想肯正在干坏事。
15．完成句子
(1)我的汽车最多能带四个人。
I can take________ ________four people in my car.
答案：up to
(2)到目前为止，顾客们购物时已经习惯了使用布口袋而不用塑料袋。
Customers have been used to cloth bags instead of plastic bags when going shopping________ ________ ________.
答案：up to now
(3)欧文有强烈的责任感，因此他能胜任这个职位。
Owen has a strong sense of responsibility，so he________ ________ ________the post.
答案：is up to
(4)我敢说他在打坏主意。
I’m sure he________ ________ ________ ________
________.
答案：is up to no good
11.get sth.across(to sb.) 将(想法、信息等)传达(给某人)；使理解
(回归课本P18)There are lots of different ways to get your message across when you are putting together an ad campaign.
当你组织一项广告活动时，有许多不同的方法能传达你的信息。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P853)Your meaning didn’t really get across.
你的意思并未真正为别人理解。
②(朗文P865)It was difficult to get my idea across the committee.
很难让委员会了解我的想法。
③To put his point across，my dad locked me out when I was late.
为了表明他的态度，我回家晚了爸爸就把我锁在外边。
④I ran across my old friend the other day.
那天我偶然见到了我的老朋友。
16．完成句子
(1)这个办法很巧妙，能够让人理解他的意思。
This is a clever way of________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：getting his meaning across
(2)我总是设法让你理解知识将会怎样改变你的生活。
I am always trying to________ ________ ________to you how knowledge will change your life.
答案：get it across
(3)你的演讲听众理解了吗？
Did your speech________ ________ ________the crowd?
答案：get across to
(4)她不大善于表达自己的观点。
She’s not very good at________ ________ ________
________.
答案：putting her views across
句型解析
1【教材原句】 If they want to become the market leader，the company must ensure that their product is of high quality.(P7)
如果他们想成为市场的主宰者，公司就必须确保他们产品的高质量。
【句法分析】 of high quality属于“of＋n.”结构。这一结构相当于形容词，在句中可以作表语、定语或宾语补足语。
(1)当“of＋n.”结构中的名词是抽象名词时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有：use/importance/help/value/interest/benefit等。这些名词前可用great，no，little，some，any，not much等修饰，以表示不同程度。
①The camel is of great help to the Arab.(＝The camel is very helpful to the Arab.)
骆驼对阿拉伯人有很大的帮助。
(2)当“of＋n.”结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，此时名词前通常有冠词。常用的名词有：size/type/kind/price/height/depth/length/weight/age/shape/colour等。
②The two are of an age，but are of different height.
这两个人年龄相同，但身高不同。
(3)“of＋n.”结构还可以表示主语的根源关系，此时的名词多是表示亲属、血统、种族、国籍以及出处的名词，常用的名词有：family/blood/race/origin等。
③We are of the same blood.我们是同一血统。
(4)“of＋n.”结构还可以表示人的特点、特性，常用名词有：wealth/education/courage/achievement/ability等。
④Your sister is a girl of wisdom.
你妹妹是一位有智慧的女孩。
17．完成句子
(1)睡眠对恢复精力很有帮助。
Sleep is________ ________ ________for refreshment.
答案：of great help
(2)这是一件重要的事。
This is an important matter.＝This is a matter________ ________ ________.
答案：of great importance
(3)现在很多东西都是塑料做的。
Many things today________ ________ ________.
答案：are of plastics
(4)他和我同岁。
He and I________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：are of the same age
2【教材原句】 We must update our packaging in order to attract more young customers.(P13)
我们必须更新包装以吸引更多年轻顾客。
【句法分析】 in order to“目的是……，为了”，作目的状语，可以置于句首，又可置于句后。
(1)so as to引导的不定式短语一般置于句中，不可放于句首。
(2)只用to do也可作目的状语，句首，句后皆可。
(3)in order to和so as to的否定形式分别是in order not to和so as not to。
(4)in order to和so as to后只能接动词原形，如果后接目的状语从句可用in order that或so that。
18．完成句子
(1)在中国为了举办北京奥运会，工人们建造了许多新的体育场馆，比如鸟巢。
Workers built many new stadiums________ ________ ________/ (________ ________) ________hold the Beijing Olympic Games in China，for example，Bird’s Nest.
答案：in order to/(so as) to
(2)讲清楚些，以便他们能理解你。
Speak clearly________ ________/________________ ________they may understand you.
答案：so that/in order that
(3)演讲人提高了嗓门，以便别人能听到。
The speaker raised his voice______ he could be heard by others.
答案：in order that/so that
作文指导
主动句和被动句的变换
什么时候用被动，什么时候用主动，主要是由陈述对象决定的。英语写作中特别强调陈述对象的一致性，因此考生在选择主动和被动时一定要慎重。
主动变被动
1．不需体现动作的执行者
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
It will certainly produce a great change in the world’s communications.A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.
【分析】 本句强调“a great change”，使用被动语态会使其更符合英文表达。
2.需要强调动作的承受者
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
The earthquake destroyed many buildings and houses on May 12th,2008.Many buildings and houses were destroyed by the earthquake on May 12th,2008.
【分析】 为了强调“many buildings and houses”被毁坏，用被动语态更好。
3.保持陈述对象的一致，以求行文连贯
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
My mother’s words moved me，and I felt so ashamed for my stubbornness.I was so moved by my mother’s words，and I felt so ashamed for my stubbornness.
【分析】 为了保证两个句子的主语一致，把第1个句子变为被动语态，以使句子连贯。
被动变主动
1．需要体现动作的执行者
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
Now listening more to their children is paid more attention to by most parents，so they will understand them better.Now most parents pay more attention to listening more to their children，so they will understand them better.
【分析】 本句想表达“现在父母们更注重倾听孩子们了”，因此句子要体现“most parents”的行为，因此用主动语态。
2.保持陈述对象的一致，以求行文连贯
【佳句选粹】
【原文】【优化】
If we don’t know how the wastes should be used，we can sell them to the recycling station.If we don’t know how to use the wastes，we can sell them to the recycling station.
【分析】 原文中if引导的从句中的宾语从句 (how the...used) 的被动语态导致 if 从句中前后陈述对象混乱，影响了句意的明晰和语言的流畅。
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