2014届高考英语必修3精讲精练习题(含答案和解释)

编辑: 逍遥路 关键词: 高三 来源: 高中学习网
【新课标人教版】(全国通用)2014届高考英语一轮复习精讲精练学案必修3 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦
1.Bob earned his________(船费) on an English boat when he traveled to China.
答案: passage
2.Usain Bolt set an________(难以置信的) world record in the 100meter race at the Beijing Olympics.
答案: unbelievable
3.We missed the first few________(场景) of the play because we were caught in a traffic jam.
答案: scenes
4.It wasn’t your________(过错).You needn’t apologize to him.
答案: fault
5.The job is not tiring at all.On the________(相反),it’s very relaxing.
答案: contrary
6.By law,youth under eighteen are not________(允许) to enter Net bars.
答案: permitted
7.These children are very naughty,so you need________(耐心) to deal with them.
答案: patience
8.Good________(态度,举止) are a very important key to your social success.
答案: manners
9.I don’t like to talk with him;he has a very________(粗鲁的) manner.
答案: rude
10.Recent pressure at work may________(解释) for his strange behavior.
答案: account
Ⅱ.重点短语扫描
1. accident/chance  偶然;无意中;不小心
2.stare at   盯着看;凝视
3.account    导致;做出解释
4. rags   衣衫褴褛
5. for/to   关于;至于
6.bring    抚养;培养;教育;提出
7.go    前进;可以;往下说
8.on the    与此相反;正相反
9.to be    说实话
10.take a    冒险
11.from the of one’s heart   从心底
12.take one’s    点菜
by
for
in
as
up
ahead
contrary
honest
chance
bottom
order
Ⅲ.课文原句突破
1.快到黄昏的时候,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
Well,towards nightfall I________ ________ ________ ________to sea by a strong wind.
答案: found myself carried out
2.第二天早上,我正感到绝望的时候,一艘船发现了我。
The next morning I’d just about ________ ________ ________ for lost________ I was ________by a ship.
答案: given myself up;when;spotted
3.是那艘船把你带到英国来的。
And ________ ________ ________ ________ ________brought you to England.
答案: it was the ship that
4.事实上,我是靠做义工来顶替船费,这正是我为什么衣冠不整的原因。
________ ________ ________ ________I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.
答案: The fact is that
5.真的,先生,我希望您想来的时候,您就来。
Indeed,sir,I hope you’ll come here ________ you like.
答案: whenever
6.至于账单嘛,先生,请把它忘了吧。
________ ________ the bill,sir,please forget it.
答案: As for
scene n.(戏剧)一场;现场;场面;景色;(电影,电视的)一个镜头;(事件发生的)地点
on the scene在现场;当场
appear/come on the scene出场;登场
behind the scenes在幕后;暗中
the scene of the accident事故现场
①Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.
那事故发生后不久记者们就赶到了现场。
②The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared,and it was quiet again.
孩子们在花园里高兴地玩得场面消失后,花园又安静下来。
③The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes are made.
学生们可以到后台去看看节目是怎么制作出来的。
④They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.
他们火速赶到车祸的现场。
辨析:scene,scenery与view
(1)scene指都市景观或室内陈设,还可指舞台场面或部分布景,是可数名词。
(2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景观,也可指舞台全部,是不可数名词。
(3)view指从远处或高处看到的风景。
1.用scene,scenery与view填空:
(1)When I was a little boy,I lived in a small fishing village.The visit to the village reminded me of the________of my childhood.
(2)On the top of Mount Tai,you can get a wonderful________of the sunrise.
(3)We passed through some beautiful________on our journey through this district.
答案: (1)scene (2)view (3)scenery
permit v.允许;容许;许可;n.许可证;执照;通行证
教材原句P18:Permit me to lead the way,sir.
先生,请让我来带路吧。
①Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.
参观者请勿拍照。
②After the law was passed,the prisoners in that state are permitted two hours’ outdoor exercise a day.此项法律通过后,那个州的犯人允许每天有两个小时的户外活动。
③My parents didn’t permit my going with you.
我父母不准我和你一起去。
④We’ll have a picnic in the woods,weather permitting.
如果天气好,我们将在树林里野餐。
2.(2014?宁夏银川一中高三月考)The local government announced that only when the fire was under control________to return to their homes.
A.the residents would be permitted
B.had the residents been permitted
C.would the residents be permitted
D.the residents had been permitted
解析: “only+状语”位于句首要用部分倒装的结构,另外本句用了permit sb.to do的结构,其被动语态形式为sb.be permitted to do。
答案: C
fault n.责任;过错;缺点;vt.对……挑毛病
教材原句P18:It was all my fault.这都是我的错。
It’s one’s fault.是某人的错。
find fault in看出……的缺点,找出……的毛病
find fault with对……不满,挑剔
①I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was.
我想知道他们是怎么迷路的,又是谁的过错。
②Somehow,people seem to think it’s my fault for letting him in.
不知怎的,人们似乎认为让他进来是我的过错。
③He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people.
他是一个总爱挑剔别人毛病的人。
3.完成句子
(1)我希望你不要再对我做的一切吹毛求疵了。
I wish you’d stop trying to ______________________I do.
(2)从你的文章里我找不到错误,它完美无瑕。
I can’t ________________________your paper.It is perfect.
答案: (1)find fault with everything (2)find fault in
spot vt.发现;认出;点缀;n.斑点;污点;地点
教材原句P18:The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上,我正感到绝望的时候,一艘海船发现了我。
①I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.我刚刚坐下来工作就发现有东西在墙上挪动。
②He spotted a serious mistake in the accounts.
他在账目中发现了一个严重的错误。
③I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall.
因为他个子非常高,我在人群中很容易就认出了他。
④I was on the spot when the accident happened.
事故发生时我在场。
⑤This is the very spot where the accident happened.
这就是事故发生的地点。
4.完成句子
When the man was trying to break into the bank,he________________________(当场被警察抓住).
答案: was caught by the police on the spot
account vi.& vt.认为;说明;总计有;n.说明;理由;计算;账目;报道
教材原句P18:The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.
事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费,这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。
①How do you account for your absence from school yesterday?
你如何解释你昨天没上学呢?
②On no account must employers make personal telephone calls from the office.
=Employees must on no account make personal telephone calls from the office.雇员们决不允许在办公室打私人电话。
③His exam results were not very good,but we must take his long illness into account.
他的考试成绩不是很好,但我们必须考虑到他曾长期生病。
④The train was delayed on account of snow.
火车因下雪而延误了。
⑤He paid the money into his account.
他把钱存入他的账户里。
5.完成句子
缺钱是她辍学的原因。
____________________________her not continuing her studies.
答案: Lack of money accounts for
6.Since we are not wealthy now,we’d better take our daily expenses into________.
A.thought   B.account
C.position   D.effect
解析: 考查名词辨析。take...into account/consideration为固定搭配,表示“把……考虑进去”。thought思索,想法,观点;account账户,描述,报道;position位置,方位,境况,形势,(社会)地位,职务;effect结果,效果,影响。句意为:我们现在并不富裕,因此我们应把日常的花销考虑在内。
答案: B
bring up培养;抚养;教育;提出;呕吐
教材原句P17:He was brought up in Hannibal,Missouri,along the Mississippi River.他在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。
①She has three young children to bring up on her own.
她独自一人要抚养三个孩子。
②Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up.
我第一次把这想法提出来时受到一些人的嘲笑。
③He was so sick that he brought up his lunch.
他病得很严重,以至于把吃的午饭都吐了出来。
bring about引起;产生;导致;带来
bring sth.back带回某物;使想起
bring down让……降下来;使倒下
bring forward提前
bring in引入
④The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.
那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。
⑤Science and technology has brought about many changes in our lives.科学技术给我们生活带来了诸多变化。
⑥He made every effort to bring down the cost of living.
他竭力降低生活费用。
7.His parents died when he was five years old,so he was________by his grandparents.
A.taken up   B.given up
C.grown up   D.brought up
解析: 此题考查词语辨析。句意为:他的父母在他五岁时去世,因此他由爷爷奶奶抚养大。take up占用;give up放弃;grow up长大;bring up抚养,抚育;带大。
答案: D
8.完成句子
The discussion came alive when an interesting topic__________________(引入).
答案: was brought in
go ahead前进;(用于祈使句)可以;往下说
教材原句P18:Go right ahead.请问吧。
①Go ahead!I want to hear more about your plan.
往下说,我想知道更多你的计划。
②―I wonder if I could possibly use your car tonight.
――我今天晚上能不能用你的汽车?
―Sure,go ahead.I’m not using it anyhow.
――当然可以,用吧。反正我也不用。
go against违背,反对/对……不利(无被动式)
go around/round/about(疾病、消息等)传播
go by过去
go over审查;查阅;复习
go through遭受;经历;通过
go without没有……也行;将就……
③She went against her mother’s wishes.
她违背了她母亲的意愿。
④As time went by,I was made smaller.
随着岁月的流逝,我被做的越来越小。
⑤Smokers cannot go without cigarettes even a day.
吸烟者哪怕一天没有香烟都不行。
9.(全国高考)―Could I ask you a rather personal question?
―Sure,________.
A.pardon me   B.go ahead
C.good idea   D.forget it
解析: 句意为:――我可以问你一个私人问题吗?――当然可以,说吧。pardon me请再说一遍;go ahead干吧,说吧,用吧;good idea好主意;forget it没关系,不必在意;(表示不想重复说过的话)别提它了;住嘴。
答案: B
10.(陕西高考)―Could I use your computer for a few moments,please?
―________.I’m not using it myself.
A.Come on   B.It depends
C.Go ahead   D.That’s great
解析: 本题考查交际用语。由前置语境“我能不能用会儿你的电脑”以及后置语境“我自己现在不用”可知应选C项Go ahead用吧!去吧!干吧!而Come on加油,It depends看情况而定,That’s great太棒了,均不合题意。
答案: C
The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上,我正感到绝望的时候,一艘船发现了我。
had just done...when...刚做完某事,这时……
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...
正要做……这时……
①He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
他刚上床睡觉,这时电话响了。
②He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.
他正在读报,这时听到有人叫他的名字。
③I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came.
我正要出门,一位不速之客来访了。
④She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.
她正要离开,这时我来了。
when用作连词,意为“既然”。
⑤How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen?
既然他们从不听讲,他们怎么能指望学到东西呢?
11.(2010?全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window    his attention was caught by a bird.
A.when   B.if
C.and   D.till
解析: 句意为:汤姆正要关上窗户,就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。在句式“...be about to do when...”中,when作并列连词,相当于and at that time,句中was about to do为标志词,故答案为A项。
答案: A
12.(2009?福建卷)She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
A.when   B.while
C.after    D.since
解析: 句意为:昨天她刚做完作业,她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句中作并列连词,意为:and at that time。while作并列连词,表示“对比转折”;after为从属连词或介词,意为“在……之后”;since自从……时候,既然……。
答案: A
13.(四川高考)There were some chairs left over________everyone had sat down.
A.when   B.until
C.that   D.where
解析: 句意为:虽然所有人都坐下了,但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though之意。
答案: A
14.(辽宁高考)I used to love that film________I was a child,but I don’t feel it that way any more.
A.once   B.when
C.since   D.although
解析: 句意为:当我是个小孩的时候我曾经很喜欢那部电影,但现在我再也没有那种感觉了。A.一旦;B.当……的时候;C.自从……以来;既然;D.尽管,根据句意选B。
答案: B
Indeed,sir,I hope you’ll come here whenever you like.真的,先生, 我希望您想来的时候,您就来。
whenever意为“在任何时候,无论何时”。
(1)whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(3)however用作连接副词,相当于no matter how,引导让步状语从句,意思是“不管怎样……;无论如何……”,具体结构为:however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
①Whenever we met with difficulties,they came to help us.
每当我们遇到困难的时候,他们都会帮助我们。
②However great the difficulties are,we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大,我们都必须及时完成任务。
③Whatever your problems are,you mustn’t lose heart.
不管你面临的是什么问题,都不要失去信心。
④Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)无论谁触犯法律,都应受到惩罚。
whichever,whatever在句中还可作定语。
The content is the same whichever book you choose.
不管你选哪一本书,内容都是一样的。
15.(2010?上海卷)________you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A.However a serious problem
B.What a serious problem
C.However serious a problem
D.What serious a problem
解析: 句意为:不论你的问题有多严重,你都应该鼓起勇气,接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句,what不能用来引导状语从句,所以排除B、D两项;however+adj.+a/an+单数名词=whatever+a/an+adj.+单数名词,故C项正确。
答案: C
Well,towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
哦,快到黄昏的时候,我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
find oneself...发现自己处于某种境地,而且含有一种“在不知不觉中……”的意思。
①When day broke,we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain.
天亮时,我们发现自己来到了那座山脚下的一个小村子里。
②When he came to himself,he found himself lying in hospital.
当他醒来时,发现自己躺在医院里。
③I found myself surrounded by a group of children.
我发现自己被一群孩子围住了。
④A group of children were found playing on the playground.
有人发现一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。
16.He found his son________by letters and papers and________very worried.
A.surrounding;looked   
B.surrounded;looked
C.surrounding;looking   
D.surrounded;looking
解析: 动词的过去分词充当宾补,表示被动;动词的现在分词充当宾补,表示主动。根据句意应选D。
答案: D
17.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.
A.smoke   B.smoking
C.to smoke   D.smoked
解析: 句意为:如果发现厨师在厨房里吸烟,他将马上被解雇。本题考查的是“find+宾语+宾补”的结构,主语补足语的选择与宾语补足语的选择方法相同。由“发现厨师在厨房里吸烟”,可知“厨师”与“吸烟”之间在逻辑上是主谓关系(或主动关系)且强调“吸烟”这一动作正在进行之中。所以smoking是最佳答案。
答案: B
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.His grandmother and his father______________________(将他抚养成人).
答案: brought him up
2.I’ll see you after the meeting__________________(如果时间允许的话).
答案: if time permits
3.__________________________(我偶然碰见她) in the street.
答案: I met her by accident
4.He lifted his head and______________________(盯着她看).
答案: stared at her
5.Even in New York you still see______________________(很多人穿得破破烂烂).
答案: many people in rags
6.__________________(关于我的过去),I’m not telling you anything.
答案: As for/to my past
7.Though,he was told it was hard to find job there,he still decided to______________(冒险).
答案: take a chance/risk
8.You didn’t bother me.__________________(相反) I like your company.
答案: On the contrary
Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1.(2009?陕西卷)The howto book can be of help to________wants to do the job.
A.who          B.whomever
C.no matter who   D.whoever
解析: 句意为:指南类的书对想从事这项工作的任何人都会有帮助。本题考查名词性从句。首先排除C项,no matter who只能引导状语从句;who表特指;whomever与whoever同样可以表示任何人,但设空处连接代词需作宾语从句的主语,故排除B项。
答案: D
2.(浙江高考)________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
A.Anyone   B.The one
C.Whoever   D.Who
解析: 句意为:任何一个想住在旅馆里的人必须支付自己的费用。whoever此处引导名词性从句,相当于anyone who。anyone和the one后少who,who表特指,故被排除。
答案: C
3.(2014?东城第一学期检测)The magnificent tower must be saved,________the cost!
A.however   B.whichever
C.whatever   D.wherever
解析: 考查连词。该句是省略句,省略了谓语动词is,补充完整就是whatever the cost is,由此可以看出从句中缺少的是表语。whichever表示在特定范围内选择,而句中没有可供选择的范围,所以要用whatever,相当于no matter what,在此引导让步状语从句。
答案: C
4.(辽宁高考)________hungry I am,I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A.Whatever   B.Whenever
C.Wherever   D.However
解析: 句意为:无论我多饿,看来我都吃不了那大片面包。A.无论什么,常与名词连用或引导名词性从句;B.无论什么时候;C.无论在哪里;D.无论多么或怎样,常与形容词或副词连用,故选D。
答案: D
5.________we gave him something to eat,he would save it up for his little sister.
A.Whatever   B.However
C.Whichever   D.Whenever
解析: 考查连词。句意为:“无论何时我们给他东西吃,他总是留下一些给他小妹妹。”
答案: D
Ⅲ.语法专练
本单元语法――宾语从句和表语从句
1.(2014?安徽皖南八校联考)―You know,I’m poor in Chinese,you are not good at English,and...
―That’s________we should help each other.
A.when   B.where
C.how   D.what
解析: 考查名词性从句。where引导的从句作表语,where在句中的意思是“……的地方”。
答案: B
2.(2014?北京东城区期末)Water,which seems so simple and common,is________makes life possible.
A.what   B.that
C.which   D.how
解析: 考查表语从句。名词性从句的解题原则是“缺什么补什么”,此处表语从句“________makes life possible”中缺少“主语”,同时“主语”不表示“人”,用what(表示人时应该选用who)。
答案: A
3.(2014?北京海淀区期末)Sorry I’m so late,but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house.
A.what   B.how
C.which   D.why
解析: 考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此,what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句,what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词或副词。
答案: A
4.(2010?成都毕业班诊断性检测)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades,and this is________he devoted all his life to.
A.which   B.what
C.where   D.how
解析: 考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语,表示“什么”。
答案: B
5.(2010?绵阳三诊)After five hours’ drive,they reached________they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
A.where   B.what
C.which   D.that
解析: 考查宾语从句。句意为:驱车五个小时之后,他们来到了他们认为是他们一直梦寐以求的地方。句中what引导宾语从句,且作从句的主语,其中they thought是插入语。
答案: B


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