Study guide: Read the new words and fill in the blanks in about 20 minutes.
☆重点句型☆
1. 英语句型中的否定转移
在英语中，如果主句的动词是think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine 之类的动词，其否定形式应转移到主句。构成反意疑问句时，主语是第一人称，以从句为准；主语是其它人称，以主句为准。 I don't think you're right, are you? 我认为你不对，不是吗？
Mary doesn’t expect she can have a long holiday, does she?
练习：a. I don't suppose I shall be back until 9 o'clock, ________________?
b. They all think that English is very important, _______________?
c. I don’t believe he can afford to buy an apartment, _____________?
d. He didn’t think that the news was true, ________________?
e._________________________________________我认为你的答案是不对的，不是吗？
反义疑问句的回答是根据实际情况来回答的。肯定回答：Yes, I do.否定回答：No, I don't. 注意: 要前后保持一致，切不可说成“Yes, I don't.”或“No, I do.
(1) ---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?
---______. She fell ill that day.
A. Yes, she did. B. No, she did. C. Yes, she didn’t D. No, she didn’t
(2) ----He likes playing football, doesn’t he?
---______. He does it every day.
A.Yes, he doesn’t. B. No, he doesn’t. C. Yes, he does. D. No, he does.
2. Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball. 皮埃尔与我确实在舞会上玩得很开心。
助动词do / does / did + 动词原形表示 “确实，的确，一定”。常常用在肯定句或祈使句中，起加强语气的作用。有人称和时态的变化。例如：
_______send me e-mail immediately you arrive at Beijing. 你一到北京，一定要给我发电子邮件
He __________ smoke two packs of cigarettes every day. 他确实每天抽两包烟。
You ________look nice today. 你今天看起来真漂亮。
We ________need help those days. 在那些日子里我们的确需要帮助。
____ careful while crossing the street.
A. Your being B. To be C. Do be D. Being
3. be (was / were) to do 此结构表示安排、命令、职责、义务、用途、可能性、命中注定等。
You are to be back by 11 o'clock. 你得在11点钟前回来。(命令)
I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in Hangzhou.我谨通知你会议在杭州举行。(职责)
A knife is to cut with. 刀是用来切割的。(用途)
They were never to meet again. 他们注定以后永远不会见面。(命中注定)
4. Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.
这种句式叫“祈使句 + and /or + 陈述句”结构，有时候，祈使句中的动词可省略。
Work harder, and you'll find it not difficult to learn. 再用功一点，你就会发现它不难学。
Hurry up, or you will be late. 快一点，否则你会迟到。
More effort, and you can finish it in time.再加把劲，你会按时完成它。
练习：I ____ the accident with my own eyes last night.
A. did see B. do see C. have seen D. did saw
5. I’m sorry, but I don’t think I know you. I’m sorry, but… 还有Excuse me, but… 如：
I’m sorry, but I would rather stay at home. Excuse me, but would you please tell me the time?
6. Having realised that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.
Having realised是现在分词的完成式，在句中作状语，表示该动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，相当于When I had realised that… 一般式v.-ing 表示该动作与句子谓语的动作同时发生或在其后发生。其否定形式是在v-ing前加not。
Having finished his homework, the boy decided to play football for a while.
Not having cleaned the classroom, they couldn't go home.
练习：_______________________ in class, the girl felt very happy. 那个姑娘在班上得到表扬，…
__________________________, we couldn’t get in touch with her. 不知道她的电话号码，…
______________________(work)among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.
_________________________________, he decided to write another letter. 没有收到答复，…
(2004北京) ____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To Wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
7. pick out, pick up与pick off的区别
① pick out 挑出，辨认出 ②pick off 摘下来 ③pick one’s pocket 扒某人的口袋
④ pick up 拾起；偶然获得/学会； (用车)接；恢复(健康)；中途搭载；加快速度
My sister is going with me to help me pick ___________ a new suit.
Henry's been ill, but he's picking ___________ again now.
I can pick ___________my sister in the crowd. The gardener picked ________ the dead flowers.
If you go to England you’ll soon pick __________ English.
The car stopped to pick me __________.
改错：(1) I can pick on my friend among the crowd.
(2) I will pick you off at six o’clock. (3) There’re 10 minutes left. Please pick over speed.
8. get +过去分词
(1) 具有被动意义，多用来表示主语遭受某种损失、伤害，或者不能提供具体的动作发出者
⑴ The boy got lost in the forest. ⑵ I got caught in the traffic jam yesterday.
⑶ Her son got killed in the war. ⑷ My bike got stolen the other day.
(2) 无被动意义，表示使自己处于某状态或情况
He got dressed quickly. Hearing the news, we got excited. get married getting bored
(3) 其他get结构：get （sb./sth.）doing使某人做起某事来，使某物进入…（状态）
get sb. to do sth. get sth. done =have sth. done 表示遭遇或请人做某事
She got her finger _____________(catch)in the door.
Just get them ________________(finish) up as quickly as possible.
With the help of engineer, we soon got the machine _________(go)well.
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