常考词的语法与用法:discussion, disease, dislike

编辑: 逍遥路 关键词: 高中英语 来源: 高中学习网

◆discussion n.

1. 表示“讨论”,若指一次讨论活动或一次讨论会等具体意义,是可数的;若侧重指讨论的动作或状态等,通常为不可数的。比较:

After several lengthy discussions they decided to leave. 经过多次长时间的讨论,他们决定离开。

After much discussion they decided to sell it. 经过充分的讨论之后,他们决定把它卖了。

2. 表示进行或开展讨论,通常与动词 have, hold, lead, cause等连用;表示讨论的内容,通常与介词 on, about, over 等连用。如:

We had [held] a discussion with her about [over] it. 对此我们同她进行了讨论。

3. 用于 under discussion(正在讨论中),其中不用限定词。如:

The plan is under discussion. =The plan is beingdiscussed. 该计划正在讨论当中。

◆disease n.

1. 表示“疾病”,通常指具体的“疾病”(可数)。如:

Most diseases could be wiped out. 多数疾病是可以消灭的。

I caught the disease from you. 这病我是从你那传染来的。

注:有时指具体疾病的总称(不可数),即通称的“疾病”。如:

Rats spread disease. 老鼠传染疾病。

Cleanliness helps prevent disease. 清洁有助于预防疾病。

2. 用于医学上表示各种病称。如:lung disease(肺病),heart disease(心脏病),a nervous disease(神经病),a sex disease(性病),skin disease(皮肤病),contagious diseases(传染病)等

注:有个别搭配也用 illness。如:

mental illness [sickness] 精神病

3. 有关“疾病”的表达习惯:

你生了什么病?

正:What’s your trouble?

误:What’s your disease?

假期中他害了一场大病。

正:While on holiday he caught a serious disease.

误:While on holiday he caught a big (heavy) disease.

◆dislike n. & v.

1. 用作名词,表示“不喜欢”、“讨厌”,注意区别两个短语的搭配:

(1) have [show] a dislike for [of] 不喜欢,讨厌。如:

I have a dislike for [of] cats. 我不喜欢猫。

(2) take a dislike to 不喜欢,讨厌。如:

He takes a dislike to her. 他不喜欢她。

2. 用作名词的 dislike 通常不接不定式,而接 to doing sth。如:

我非常讨厌打牌赌钱。

误:I have a strong dislike to play cards for money.

正:I have a strong dislike to playing cards for money.

3. 用作动词,其后通常接名词或动名词作宾语,在现代英语中通常不接不定式(这与其反义词 like 不同)。如:

We dislike cold weather. 我们不喜欢寒冷的天气。

He dislikes being spoken like that. 他讨厌那样跟他讲话。

通常不说:He dislikes to be spoken like that.

4. 动词 dislike 在现代英语中不仅不接不定式作宾语,而且通常也不接不定式的复合结构。如:

我讨厌他开我的车。

误:I dislike him to drive my car.

正:I dislike him [his] driving my car.

5. dislike 通常只用作及物动词,所以下面一句中其后的 it 不能省略(注:其后的 when 从句为状语从句而非宾语从句):

I dislike it when you whistle. 我讨厌你吹口哨。


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