(二)现在完成对表示从过去发生一直持续到现在(包括现在)的某个动作或状态,与现在有关的时间状语连用,一般过去时表示过去某一特定(与现在无关)的时间,与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。例如: He has lived here since he was born.自他出生从来一直居住在这儿。(since自从……以来与现在有关,说明还居住在这儿。) Liumei went to see her grandmother last night.刘梅昨晚去看了他外婆。(只说明昨晚)
(三)值得注意的几个问题 1)动作发生在过去。一直持续到说话的时候,并且还在延续时,要用现在完成时。例如: We have studied English for two years(我们学英语两年了) 2)指过去的经历,但没有表示过去的时间状语,要用现在完成时。例如: I have been to Shanghai twice. 我曾去过上海两次 3)以when开头的特殊疑问句,要用一般过去时。例如: When did you lose your pen?你什么时候丢了钢笔? 4)just(刚刚)与现在完成时连用,just now(刚才)与一般过去时连用,例如: The train has iust gone. 火车刚刚离开。 The train left here just now. 火车刚才离开。 5)since作介词,后面跟时间名词一起作状语时,句子要用现在完成时since作连词,引导状语从句时,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。 He has worked in this factory since 1996. I have known him since he was a child. Where have you been since I last saw you? 6)so far、in the last、past……与现在完成时连用。 例如:In the last 30 years,our lives have changed a lot. So far,many countries have sent up satellites into space.
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