一、多一介词或副词 ① 有些动词在汉语中是不及物动词，在英语中是及物动词，可能多一个介词。 如：serve for the people, follow after him, play with her in a match, marry with her, engage withher ② 有些动词可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，但搭配不同，可能混淆而多一个介词。 如：join in the game, 但 join in the club; pay for a TV set, 但 pay for three dollars; search for the map, 但 search for the thief for his watch ③ 有些“动词 + 介词”形式的动词后面没有宾语时，后面的介词是多余的。 如： He looked at but could see nothing. How are you getting on with? ④ 有些动词、名词、形容词后接名词或代词时须加一个介词，但接that从句时，必须去掉介词。 如：agree to it, 但 agree to that...; be sure of it, 但be sure of that…; be sorry for it, 但 be sorry for that… ⑤ 有些副词或介词词组后加一个介词，组成了复合介词，若后面没有接宾语时，最后的介词则是多余的。 如： If you won’t go, I’ll go instead of. He walked out of. ⑥ 有些连词后加 of 成为复合介词，如果后接从句，of 是多余的。 如：Because of he was ill… ⑦ 地点副词的意义中已经包含了介词 to，如果再用 to则是多余的。 如：on my way to there, get to home, go to upstairs, return to home ⑧ last year, next month, this week, one day等名词词组直接充当时间状语，前面用介词是多余的。 ⑨ 有些动词受汉语意思影响而多一副词。 如：stop down(停下来), raise up (举起来), return back(归来，回来), repeat again (复述) ⑩ 有些动词在一种用法中要加副词，而在另一种用法中加副词则是多余的。 如：build up our country, 但 build up railways 二、多一连词 ① 状语从句与主句之间多一并列连词。 如：though… but; because… so; the more… and the more ② 充当状语的分词与主句之间多一并列连词。 如： Sitting down and he began to work. Regarded as the best in the class, so he was praised at the meeting. ③ 从属连词后多一 that。 如：because that… since that…, unless that… ④ 复合宾语前多一 that。 如： I heard that him say it. I found that her lying on the ground. 三、多一代词 ① 主语与谓语之间多一关系代词。 如： Some people don’t like football, but many people who do like it. ② 作定语的分词前多一关系代词。 如： I know the boy who standing there.(也可在 who 后加 is) The man who invited to the ball last night is my friend.(也可在 who 后加was) ③ 定语从句中的名词已由关系代词取代，再用代词则是多余的。 如： She bought the book (that) she had first asked for it. I have seen the girl (whom) you are talking of her. ④ 用不定式作定语时，如果其逻辑宾语或介词宾语就是被修饰的名词词组，后面再用代词是多余的。 如： The tea is too hot to drink it. He is a good comrade to work with him. ⑤ 在“形容词 + 不定式”句型中，如果不定式的逻辑宾语或介词宾语就是句子的主语，再用代词作宾语或介词宾语则是多余的。 如： This question is too difficult to answer it. The house is nice to live in it. ⑥ 在“连词 + 分词 / 名词 / 形容词 / 副词 / 介词词组”结构中，加上代词作主语是多余的。 如： He took notes while he reading. If it heated, ice turns to water. 四、多一助动词 ① 时间、条件从句中用一般现在时表示将来时，用 will, would 是多余的。 如： If he will try hard, he will succeed. I’ll tell them about it as soon as they will come. ② be sure 或 make sure + that 从句中用一般现在时表将来，用 will, would 是多余的。 如： I make sure that you will come early. ③ 在宾语从句中主语前的助动词是多余的。 如： Would you tell me what do you want? ④ 独立结构中的 be(助动词或连系动词)是多余的。 如： The game was over, he went home. She smiled, tears were still running down her face. 五、多一冠词 ① 与介词 at, in, to连用的名词 school, class, town, hospital, church, prison, bed 等表示与其有关的活动时，用冠词是多余的。 如：go to the school(上学), be in the prison(坐牢), be in the bed(在睡觉) ② 与 by 连用的交通工具名称和 air, land, sea 等名词前用冠词是多余的。 如：by the bike, by the sea, by the train ③ 表示游戏活动而不是表示游戏工具的名词前不用冠词。 如：play the / a volleyball, play the chess, play the table tennis ④ 由“专有名词 + 普通名词”构成的专有名词前不用定冠词。 如：the Beijing Airport, the Oxford Street, the Hyde Park ⑤ 在一些固定搭配中。 如：at the first, at the last, the most of us ⑥ most 作“非常”解时，前面用 the 是多余的。 如： Oh! It’s the most beautiful! She is the most diligent. ⑦ 含有 Day 的节日前加 the 是多余的。 如：the May Day, the Women’s Day, the National day, the New Year’s Day ⑧ 在“名词 + as / though…”结构中，名词前不用任何冠词。 如：a child as he is / a fool as he is 六、多一小品词 to ① 在 had better, would rather, rather than 后的不定式前用 to 是多余的。 如： You had better not to go. I would rather to stay at home ② 在 make, let, have, see, feel, watch, notice, observe 等使役、感官动词后充当宾语补足语的不定式前用 to 是多余的。 如： He made me to do heavy work. Let me to hear you to play.
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