连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语,谓语与谓语,句子与句子,分词与分词的词,它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用;而从属连词一般连接主句与从句,从句形式有名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句等。
(一)并列连词:
并列连词可用来连接词与词,词组与词组,分句与分句。常用的并列连词有:and(和),as well as(既…又),both … and(不但…而且),not only … but also(不但…而且),not … but(不是…而是),neither … nor(既不…也不),either … or(不是…就是),or(或者),but (但是),yet(然而),for(因为),so(所以),while(而),when(这时)等。如:Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉的)./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣的)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.
(二)从属连词
从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有:
引导时间状语从句的:after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as
引导原因状语从句的:because, since, as
引导让步状语从句的:although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though)
引导条件状语从句的:if, unless, once, so (as) long as
引导结果状语从句的:so … that …, such … that …
引导目的状语从句的:so that …, in order that …
引导比较状语从句的:as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than …
引导方式状语从句的:as if …
引导主语,宾语或表语从句的连词主要有:that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。
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